The 1987 Tokyo Blackout
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On July 23, 1987, the metropolitan Tokyo area experienced a massive blackout caused by voltage instability. In the blackout, more than 8 GW of load was lost for about 3.35 hours at most, which affected 2.8 million households. Lessons learned from the blackout have formed the foundation of voltage and reactive power control, currently adopted in the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) network
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