Influence of anti-corrosion additive on the performance, emission and engine component wear characteristics of an IDI diesel engine fueled with palm biodiesel

Abstract This study evaluates the effect of anti-corrosion additives such as 8% and 16% (vol.%) palm olein oil (PO) with ordinary diesel (OD) fuel on engine operation, emission behavior, engine part wear, and lubrication characteristics. This experiment was conducted on 4-cylinder and 4-stroke IDI diesel engine at different engine speed ranging from 1200 to 2800 RPM with 30% throttle setting under full load condition. The properties of the palm olein oil blends meet the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. At 2000 rpm, the experimental results revealed that the POD8A (0.2% Additive + 8% PO + 92% OD) and POD16A (0.2% Additive + 16% PO + 84% OD) blended fuels produced 0.5% and 0.51% higher brake power as well as 1.45% and 1.25% higher torque than same blends without additive, respectively. In comparison with ODF, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was found 1.8% and 3.1% higher for POD8A and POD16A blends, respectively. Anti-corrosion additive is found more effectual in enhancing the engine performance as such additive helps in timely ignition for complete burn in the combustion chamber. The results from engine emission indicated that POD8A and POD16A blended fuel reduced CO emissions by 11% and 6.6% and NOx emission by 2.5% and 1.09%, respectively in compared with OD fuel. Although HC emissions for all blended fuel and OD fuel increased at higher engine speed, the average HC emissions of all blended fuel were not higher than OD fuel. The application of anti-corrosion additives in POD blends reduced ferrous (Fe) wear debris concentration (WBC) by 17.3%. The reductions in WBC were about 16.1%, 10.8%, and 19.3%, 17.6% for copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al), respectively. An exception was lead (Pb) which yielded higher WBC for all POD blended fuels in compared with OD fuel. Finally, it can be concluded that palm olein oil with additives gives better engine performance, reduces unnecessary exhaust emissions and wear debris concentration of engine parts.

[1]  H. Masjuki,et al.  Biodiesel from palmoil—an analysis of its properties and potential , 2002 .

[2]  J. Agudelo,et al.  Effect of altitude and palm oil biodiesel fuelling on the performance and combustion characteristics of a HSDI diesel engine , 2009 .

[3]  Dennis Y.C. Leung,et al.  Optimization of Exhaust Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Biodiesel , 2006 .

[4]  Md. Abdul Maleque,et al.  The effect of palm oil diesel fuel contaminated lubricant on sliding wear of cast irons against mild steel , 1996 .

[5]  José Luis Míguez,et al.  Performance and exhaust emissions in the use of biodiesel in outboard diesel engines , 2007 .

[6]  Haji Hassan Masjuki,et al.  A study on the effects of promising edible and non-edible biodiesel feedstocks on engine performance and emissions production: A comparative evaluation , 2013 .

[7]  Avinash Kumar Agarwal,et al.  Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines , 2007 .

[8]  Rashmi,et al.  Prospects of biodiesel production from microalgae in India , 2009 .

[9]  Havva Balat,et al.  Potential contribution of biomass to the sustainable energy development. , 2009 .

[10]  A. K. Gupta,et al.  Corrosion behavior of biodiesel from seed oils of Indian origin on diesel engine parts , 2007 .

[11]  Gumpon Prateepchaikul,et al.  Palm oil as a fuel for agricultural diesel engines: Comparative testing against diesel oil , 2003 .

[12]  Haji Hassan Masjuki,et al.  Study of the Effect of Storage Time on the Oxidation and Thermal Stability of Various Biodiesels and Their Blends , 2014 .

[13]  T. Chan,et al.  Comparison of emissions of a direct injection diesel engine operating on biodiesel with emulsified and fumigated methanol , 2008 .

[14]  Atul S. Padalkar,et al.  Performance and emission analysis of a compression ignition , 2012 .

[15]  Thomas T. Adams,et al.  Storage stability of poultry fat and diesel fuel mixtures: Specific gravity and viscosity , 2008 .

[16]  Avinash Kumar Agarwal,et al.  Biodiesel Development and Characterization for Use as a Fuel in Compression Ignition Engines , 2001 .

[17]  M. A. Fazal,et al.  Effect of temperature on tribological properties of palm biodiesel , 2010 .

[18]  Cumali İlkılıç,et al.  Effect of ethanol blending with biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a CI engine , 2010 .

[19]  I. M. Rizwanul Fattah,et al.  Effect of antioxidants on oxidation stability of biodiesel derived from vegetable and animal based feedstocks , 2014 .

[20]  Hifjur Raheman,et al.  Performance of compression ignition engine with mahua (Madhuca indica) biodiesel , 2007 .

[21]  Adnan Parlak,et al.  Performance characteristics of a low heat rejection diesel engine operating with biodiesel , 2008 .

[22]  Md. Nurun Nabi,et al.  Biodiesel from cotton seed oil and its effect on engine performance and exhaust emissions , 2009 .

[23]  G. Knothe.  Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters , 2005 .

[24]  Octavio Armas,et al.  Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions , 2008 .

[25]  L. C. Meher,et al.  Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification—a review , 2006 .

[26]  J. V. Gerpen,et al.  The effect of biodiesel oxidation on engine performance and emissions , 2001 .

[27]  Shinichi Goto,et al.  Japanese Standards for Diesel Fuel Containing 5% FAME: Investigation of Acid Generation in FAME Blended Diesel Fuels and Its Impact on Corrosion , 2006 .

[28]  Aizoh Kubo,et al.  Performance, emissions and wear characteristics of an indirect injection diesel engine using coconut oil blended fuel , 2001 .

[29]  Haji Hassan Masjuki,et al.  Combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of low heat rejection engine operating on various biodiesels and vegetable oils , 2014 .

[30]  K. Raja Gopal,et al.  A review of the effects of catalyst and additive on biodiesel production, performance, combustion and emission characteristics , 2012 .

[31]  I. M. Rizwanul Fattah,et al.  Production and comparison of fuel properties, engine performance, and emission characteristics of biodiesel from various non-edible vegetable oils: A review , 2014 .

[32]  Ayhan Demirbas,et al.  Progress and recent trends in biofuels , 2007 .

[33]  Christopher A. Sharp,et al.  The Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Transient Emissions from Modern Diesel Engines, Part II Unregulated Emissions and Chemical Characterization , 2000 .

[34]  S. Fernando,et al.  NOx Reduction from Biodiesel Fuels , 2006 .

[35]  Haji Hassan Masjuki,et al.  The prospects of biolubricants as alternatives in automotive applications , 2014 .

[36]  K. Y. Foo,et al.  Utilization of biodiesel waste as a renewable resource for activated carbon: Application to environmental problems , 2009 .

[37]  Naoko Ellis,et al.  Perspectives on biodiesel as a sustainable fuel , 2010 .

[38]  A. Sanjid,et al.  Production of palm and jatropha based biodiesel and investigation of palm-jatropha combined blend properties, performance, exhaust emission and noise in an unmodified diesel engine , 2014 .

[39]  K. Raja Gopal,et al.  A review on biodiesel production, combustion, emissions and performance , 2009 .

[40]  M. P. Dorado,et al.  EXHAUST EMISSIONS FROM A DIESEL ENGINE FUELED WITH TRANSESTERIFIED WASTE OLIVE OIL , 2003 .

[41]  Lester B. Lave,et al.  Evaluating automobile fuel/propulsion system technologies , 2003 .

[42]  Jianbo Hu,et al.  Study on the lubrication properties of biodiesel as fuel lubricity enhancers , 2005 .

[43]  Juhun Song,et al.  Biodiesel combustion, emissions and emission control , 2007 .

[44]  Ronald A. Holser,et al.  Transesterified milkweed (Asclepias) seed oil as a biodiesel fuel , 2006 .

[45]  Kyunghyun Ryu,et al.  The characteristics of performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using a biodiesel with antioxidants. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[46]  Haji Hassan Masjuki,et al.  Emission and performance characteristics of an indirect ignition diesel engine fuelled with waste co , 2011 .

[47]  Dilip Sharma,et al.  Performance analysis and exhaust emissions of neem methyl ester operated compression ignition engine , 2013 .

[48]  L. Grainawi,et al.  Testing For Compatibility Of Steel With Biodiesel , 2009 .

[49]  M. Sharma,et al.  Stability of biodiesel and its blends: A review , 2010 .