Use of nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy and stillbirth: a cohort study

Objective  The objective of this study was to examine whether the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth.

[1]  R. Perera,et al.  Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. , 2012, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[2]  A. Allen,et al.  Stillbirth risk factors according to timing of exposure. , 2006, Annals of epidemiology.

[3]  M. Frydenberg,et al.  Does Low Participation in Cohort Studies Induce Bias? , 2006, Epidemiology.

[4]  K. Christensen,et al.  Smoking Habits, Nicotine Use, and Congenital Malformations , 2006, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[5]  R. Fretts Etiology and prevention of stillbirth. , 2005, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[6]  T. Coleman,et al.  U.K. general practitioners' beliefs, attitudes, and reported prescribing of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy. , 2005, Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

[7]  T. Coleman,et al.  Nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy , 2004, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[8]  A. McNeill Harm reduction , 2004, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[9]  Jeffrey S. Robinson,et al.  Stillbirth and neonatal outcomes in South Australia, 1991-2000. , 2003, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[10]  Mads Melbye,et al.  Fever in pregnancy and risk of fetal death: a cohort study , 2002, The Lancet.

[11]  K. Rothman Epidemiology: An Introduction , 2002 .

[12]  S. Cnattingius,et al.  The epidemiology of stillbirth. , 2002, Seminars in perinatology.

[13]  H. Sørensen,et al.  The Danish National Birth Cohort - its background, structure and aim , 2001, Scandinavian journal of public health.

[14]  U. Kesmodel,et al.  Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero and the risk of stillbirth and death in the first year of life. , 2001, American journal of epidemiology.

[15]  K. Wisborg,et al.  Nicotine Patches for Pregnant Smokers: A Randomized Controlled Study , 2000, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[16]  P. Thomassen,et al.  The changing panorama of late fetal death in Sweden between 1984 and 1991 , 1999, Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica.

[17]  M. Hedegaard,et al.  Smoking habits among Danish pregnant women from 1989 to 1996 in relation to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors , 1998, Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica.

[18]  K. Clark,et al.  The maternal and fetal physiologic effects of nicotine. , 1996, Seminars in perinatology.

[19]  S. Cnattingius,et al.  Effects of maternal age, parity, and smoking on the risk of stillbirth , 1994, British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[20]  D. Mant,et al.  Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. , 2008, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[21]  N. Benowitz,et al.  Risks and Benefits of Nicotine to Aid Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy , 2001, Drug safety.