Evaluation of tumor angiogenesis with US: imaging, Doppler, and contrast agents.

[1]  K. Shung,et al.  Quantitative measurements of second harmonic Doppler using ultrasound contrast agents. , 1996, Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology.

[2]  Charles T. Lancée,et al.  Higher harmonics of vibrating gas-filled microspheres. Part two: measurements , 1994 .

[3]  J. G. Miller,et al.  A novel site-targeted ultrasonic contrast agent with broad biomedical application. , 1996, Circulation.

[4]  J. G. Miller,et al.  High-frequency ultrasonic detection of thrombi with a targeted contrast system. , 1997, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[5]  Charles T. Lancée,et al.  Higher harmonics of vibrating gas-filled microspheres. Part one: simulations , 1994 .

[6]  M A Konerding,et al.  Angiogenesis inhibitors endostatin or TNP-470 reduce intimal neovascularization and plaque growth in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. , 1999, Circulation.

[7]  P Altmeyer,et al.  Malignant melanoma in 20-MHz B scan sonography. , 1992, Dermatology.

[8]  A. Broillet,et al.  Assessment of myocardial perfusion by intermittent harmonic power Doppler using SonoVue, a new ultrasound contrast agent. , 1998, Investigative radiology.

[9]  M Halliwell,et al.  Ultrasonic Doppler studies of the breast. , 1982, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[10]  M. Rifkin,et al.  Prostate: techniques, results, and potential applications of color Doppler US scanning. , 1993, Radiology.

[11]  D. Adler,et al.  Doppler ultrasound color flow imaging in the study of breast cancer: preliminary findings. , 1990, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[12]  S. Rosenberg,et al.  Parameter mapping for the detection of disturbed blood flow. , 1995, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[13]  K. Okihara,et al.  Ultrasonic power Doppler imaging for prostatic cancer: a preliminary report. , 1997, The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine.

[14]  F Forsberg,et al.  On the feasibility of real‐time, in vivo harmonic imaging with proteinaceous microspheres. , 1996, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[15]  L Solbiati,et al.  Radio-frequency ablation of hepatic metastases: postprocedural assessment with a US microbubble contrast agent--early experience. , 1999, Radiology.

[16]  F Patat,et al.  Very high frequency pulsed Doppler apparatus. , 1989, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[17]  G. Steinbach,et al.  High-resolution harmonic gray-scale imaging of normal and abnormal vessels and tissues in animals. , 1998, Academic radiology.

[18]  R. J. Fornaris,et al.  A swept-scanning mode for estimation of blood velocity in the microvasculature , 1998, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[19]  Michael C. Kolios,et al.  Ultrasonic biomicroscopy of viable, dead and apoptotic cells. , 1997, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[20]  J. Folkman.  What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis dependent? , 1990, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[21]  D. A. Christopher,et al.  A high-frequency pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound system for the detection and imaging of blood flow in the microcirculation. , 1997, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[22]  J. G. Miller,et al.  In vivo molecular imaging of stretch-induced tissue factor in carotid arteries with ligand-targeted nanoparticles. , 2000, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[23]  J. Folkman,et al.  ISOLATION OF A TUMOR FACTOR RESPONSIBLE FOR ANGIOGENESIS , 1971, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[24]  P. Dayton,et al.  Optical and acoustical observations of the effects of ultrasound on contrast agents , 1999, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[25]  J B Davey,et al.  Color Doppler signals from breast tumors. Work in progress. , 1990, Radiology.

[26]  A Paolicchi,et al.  Hepatocellular carcinoma treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection: evaluation with contrast-enhanced color Doppler US. , 1998, Radiology.

[27]  D. Grignon,et al.  Correlation of color doppler flow in the prostate with tissue microvascularity , 1998, Cancer.

[28]  F. Giordano.  Angiogenesis: mechanisms, modulation, and targeted imaging. , 1999, Journal of Nuclear Cardiology.

[29]  G Brix,et al.  Uterine cervical carcinoma: comparison of standard and pharmacokinetic analysis of time-intensity curves for assessment of tumor angiogenesis and patient survival. , 1998, Cancer research.

[30]  W. Lees,et al.  Prostate cancer and the role of color Doppler US. , 1993, Radiology.

[31]  J. Murgo,et al.  Benefits of reducing the cardiac cycle-triggering frequency of ultrasound imaging to increase myocardial opacification with FSO69 during fundamental and second harmonic imaging. , 1997, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[32]  D. Cheresh,et al.  Requirement of vascular integrin alpha v beta 3 for angiogenesis. , 1994, Science.

[33]  P N Burns,et al.  High-frequency Doppler ultrasound examination of blood flow in the anterior segment of the eye. , 1998, American journal of ophthalmology.

[34]  J. Folkman,et al.  Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis--correlation in invasive breast carcinoma. , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[35]  R. Barnhill,et al.  Regressing thin cutaneous malignant melanomas (< or = 1.0 mm) are associated with angiogenesis. , 1993, The American journal of pathology.

[36]  D. Pickens,et al.  Quantification of tumor vascularity and flow with amplitude color Doppler sonography in an experimental model: preliminary results. , 1996, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[37]  C. Chin,et al.  Pulse inversion Doppler: a new method for detecting nonlinear echoes from microbubble contrast agents , 1999, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[38]  M. Brawer,et al.  Comparison of microscopic vascularity in benign and malignant prostate tissue. , 1993, Human pathology.

[39]  H. Madjar.  Breast examinations with continuous wave and color Doppler , 1992, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[40]  K. Pienta,et al.  Tumor-associated angiogenesis in prostate cancer. , 1993, Anticancer research.

[41]  J. Cho,et al.  Diffuse prostatic lesions: role of color Doppler and power Doppler ultrasonography. , 1998, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[42]  R K Jain,et al.  Barriers to drug delivery in solid tumors. , 1994, Scientific American.

[43]  P N Burns,et al.  A high-frequency continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound system for the detection of blood flow in the microcirculation. , 1996, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[44]  J. Rubin,et al.  Prostate cancer: diagnosis with color Doppler sonography with histologic correlation of each biopsy site. , 1995, Radiology.

[45]  O. Volpert,et al.  Signals leading to apoptosis-dependent inhibition of neovascularization by thrombospondin-1 , 2000, Nature Medicine.

[46]  K. Miles,et al.  Tumour angiogenesis and its relation to contrast enhancement on computed tomography: a review. , 1999, European journal of radiology.

[47]  R K Jain,et al.  Determinants of tumor blood flow: a review. , 1988, Cancer research.

[48]  M. Dewhirst,et al.  A pial window model for the intracranial study of human glioma microvascular function. , 1995, Neurosurgery.

[49]  M. Fujita,et al.  Color Doppler flow imaging of liver tumors. , 1990, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[50]  M Halliwell,et al.  Tumour detection by ultrasonic Doppler blood-flow signals. , 1977, Ultrasonics.

[51]  P. Dayton,et al.  Mechanisms of contrast agent destruction , 2001, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[52]  O. Hélénon,et al.  Color Doppler-guided prostate biopsies in 591 patients with an elevated serum PSA level: impact on Gleason score for nonpalpable lesions. , 1997, Urology.

[53]  P. Stattin,et al.  Vascular density is a predictor of cancer‐specific survival in prostatic carcinoma , 1997, The Prostate.

[54]  S. Kaul,et al.  Role of capillaries in determining CBF reserve: new insights using myocardial contrast echocardiography. , 1999, The American journal of physiology.

[55]  M. Brawer,et al.  Quantitative microvessel density: A staging and prognostic marker for human prostatic carcinoma , 1996, Cancer.

[56]  C. Newschaffer,et al.  Color Doppler imaging in predicting the biologic behavior of prostate cancer: correlation with disease-free survival. , 1997, Urology.

[57]  Y Wu,et al.  Binding and lysing of blood clots using MRX-408. , 1998, Investigative radiology.

[58]  A R Jayaweera,et al.  Quantification of myocardial blood flow with ultrasound-induced destruction of microbubbles administered as a constant venous infusion. , 1998, Circulation.

[59]  W Blumenfeld,et al.  Tumor angiogenesis correlates with metastasis in invasive prostate carcinoma. , 1993, The American journal of pathology.

[60]  Chien-Nan Lee,et al.  Vascularity index as a novel parameter for the in vivo assessment of angiogenesis in patients with cervical carcinoma , 1999, Cancer.

[61]  A. Fleischer.  Sonographic depiction of tumor vascularity and flow: from in vivo models to clinical applications. , 2000, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[62]  A. Harris,et al.  Clinical importance of the determination of tumor angiogenesis in breast carcinoma: much more than a new prognostic tool. , 1995, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[63]  V L Newhouse,et al.  Second harmonic ultrasonic blood perfusion measurement. , 1993, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[64]  P. Burns,et al.  Harmonic hepatic US with microbubble contrast agent: initial experience showing improved characterization of hemangioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and metastasis. , 2000, Radiology.

[65]  R. Jeffrey,et al.  Preliminary experience with power Doppler imaging of solid breast masses. , 1997, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[66]  F. Foster,et al.  Use of a high frequency ultrasound microscope to image the action of 2-nitroimidazoles in multicellular spheroids. , 1992, British Journal of Cancer.

[67]  K W Ferrara,et al.  Ultrasonic measurement of breast tissue motion and the implications for velocity estimation. , 1997, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[68]  Paul A. Dayton,et al.  Experimental and theoretical analysis of individual contrast agent behavior , 1999, 1999 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. International Symposium (Cat. No.99CH37027).

[69]  R A Robb,et al.  Prostate cancer microvessels: a novel method for three‐dimensional reconstruction and analysis , 1998, The Prostate.

[70]  P. Carmeliet,et al.  Role of tissue factor in embryonic blood vessel development , 1996, Nature.

[71]  R. Silverman,et al.  Estimation of blood velocity with high frequency ultrasound , 1996, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[72]  Peter N. Burns,et al.  Harmonic power mode Doppler using microbubble contrast agents: an improved method for small vessel flow imaging , 1994, 1994 Proceedings of IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium.

[73]  H. Ragde,et al.  Transrectal ultrasound microbubble contrast angiography of the prostate , 1997, The Prostate.

[74]  J M Rubin,et al.  Normalizing fractional moving blood volume estimates with power Doppler US: defining a stable intravascular point with the cumulative power distribution function. , 1997, Radiology.

[75]  D. A. Christopher,et al.  Advances in ultrasound biomicroscopy. , 2000, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[76]  F. Foster,et al.  Ultrasound biomicroscopy of anterior segment tumors. , 1992, Ophthalmology.

[77]  M. Brawer,et al.  Predictors of pathologic stage in prostatic carcinoma. The role of neovascularity , 1994, Cancer.

[78]  C. Brendler,et al.  Color Doppler imaging and transrectal sonography of the prostatic fossa after radical prostatectomy: early experience. , 1996, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[79]  P. Burns,et al.  Pulse inversion imaging of liver blood flow: improved method for characterizing focal masses with microbubble contrast. , 2000, Investigative radiology.

[80]  B G Zagar,et al.  Ultrasonic mapping of the microvasculature: signal alignment. , 1998, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[81]  B. Goldberg,et al.  Breast tumor vascularity identified by contrast enhanced ultrasound and pathology: initial results. , 2000, Ultrasonics.

[82]  M. S. Plesset,et al.  On the stability of gas bubbles in liquid-gas solutions , 1950 .

[83]  D. McPherson,et al.  In vivo targeting of acoustically reflective liposomes for intravascular and transvascular ultrasonic enhancement. , 1999, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[84]  R K Jain,et al.  Effect of transvascular fluid exchange on pressure-flow relationship in tumors: a proposed mechanism for tumor blood flow heterogeneity. , 1996, Microvascular research.

[85]  J B Fowlkes,et al.  Enhanced color flow imaging of breast cancer vasculature: continuous wave Doppler and three‐dimensional display , 1992, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[86]  Simon C Watkins,et al.  Microbubbles targeted to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 bind to activated coronary artery endothelial cells. , 1998, Circulation.

[87]  T. Porter,et al.  The effect of ultrasound frame rate on perfluorocarbon-exposed sonicated dextrose albumin microbubble size and concentration when insonifying at different flow rates, transducer frequencies, and acoustic outputs. , 1997, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[88]  F Pozza,et al.  Tumor angiogenesis: a new significant and independent prognostic indicator in early-stage breast carcinoma. , 1992, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[89]  C. Taylor,et al.  Focal liver masses: differential diagnosis with pulsed Doppler US. , 1987, Radiology.

[90]  J. Matsumura,et al.  Development of Echogenic, Plasmid-Incorporated, Tissue-Targeted Cationic Liposomes that Can Be Used for Directed Gene Delivery , 2000, Investigative radiology.

[91]  T C Skalak,et al.  Delivery of colloidal particles and red blood cells to tissue through microvessel ruptures created by targeted microbubble destruction with ultrasound. , 1998, Circulation.

[92]  P. Hahnfeldt,et al.  Tumor development under angiogenic signaling: a dynamical theory of tumor growth, treatment response, and postvascular dormancy. , 1999, Cancer research.

[93]  N. Pandian,et al.  Enhanced visualization of intravascular and left atrial appendage thrombus with the use of a thrombus-targeting ultrasonographic contrast agent (MRX-408A1): In vivo experimental echocardiographic studies. , 1999, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[94]  C. Angeletti,et al.  Relation of neovascularisation to metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer , 1992, The Lancet.

[95]  F. S. Foster,et al.  Ultrasound backscatter microscopy images the internal structure of living tumour spheroids , 1987, Nature.

[96]  L From,et al.  Ultrasound backscatter microscope analysis of mouse melanoma progression. , 1996, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[97]  N. Rofsky,et al.  Dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic liver: arterial phase enhancement at CT and MR imaging--a case report. , 1998, Radiology.

[98]  H. Ermert,et al.  Application of high frequency broadband ultrasound for high resolution blood flow measurement , 1997, 1997 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium Proceedings. An International Symposium (Cat. No.97CH36118).

[99]  Y Wu,et al.  Acoustically active lipospheres containing paclitaxel: a new therapeutic ultrasound contrast agent. , 1998, Investigative radiology.

[100]  S. Kaul.  Myocardial contrast echocardiography: 15 years of research and development. , 1997, Circulation.

[101]  T. Porter,et al.  Transient myocardial contrast after initial exposure to diagnostic ultrasound pressures with minute doses of intravenously injected microbubbles. Demonstration and potential mechanisms. , 1995, Circulation.

[102]  J. G. Miller,et al.  In vitro characterization of a novel, tissue-targeted ultrasonic contrast system with acoustic microscopy. , 1998, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[103]  E. Unger,et al.  Ultrasound enhances gene expression of liposomal transfection. , 1997, Investigative radiology.

[104]  V. Newhouse,et al.  Simulated Capillary Blood Flow Measurement Using a Nonlinear Ultrasonic Contrast Agent1 , 1992 .

[105]  B. Lüderitz,et al.  Real‐Time Contrast Echo Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion at Low Emission Power , 1999, Echocardiography.

[106]  J W Hunt,et al.  © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign Article no. bjoc.1999.0724 Ultrasound imaging of apoptosis: high-resolution noninvasive , 2022 .

[107]  E. Mendelson,et al.  Computed tomography, duplex Doppler ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating the breast. , 1989, Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR.

[108]  E D Crawford,et al.  Optimized microvessel density analysis improves prediction of cancer stage from prostate needle biopsies. , 1996, Urology.

[109]  J M Rubin,et al.  The 3D and 2D color flow display of breast masses. , 1997, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[110]  W. Sauerbrei,et al.  Continuous-wave and pulsed Doppler studies of the breast: clinical results and effect of transducer frequency. , 1991, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[111]  F. Stuart Foster,et al.  High-frequency color flow imaging of the microcirculation , 2000 .