Signatures of Moving Target in Polar Format Spotlight SAR Image

The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) signatures of moving target are the basis of ground moving target detection and imaging (GMTI&Im). However, previous studies are mainly based on the 2-D separable SAR processing, and little work has been done to investigate the signatures of moving target after the application of a particular fine resolution SAR image formation algorithm. In this paper, the spectrum of moving target after polar format algorithm (PFA) processing is derived. Based on this spectrum, detailed analysis on the SAR signatures of moving target, including the geometric displacement, residual range migration, and the defocusing effect in both range and azimuth dimensions are performed. Simulation results validate the theoretical analysis.

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