The use of email‐facilitated interviewing with higher functioning autistic people participating in a grounded theory study

This paper explores the inclusive potential of computer‐mediated communication (CMC) for a ‘hard to reach’ group of research participants, specifically people at the higher functioning end of the autistic spectrum. Drawing on the literature pertaining to the fields of autism, CMC and research methods, as well as the first author’s experience of using email as a means of conducting interviews, the paper will discuss the epistemological, methodological and practical issues raised by the use of this method of collecting data from higher functioning autistic people, as well as its suitability in the context of a study guided by grounded theory.

[1]  J. Walther Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction , 1992 .

[2]  Martyn Hammersley,et al.  Ethnography : Principles in Practice , 1983 .

[3]  Christopher J. Cowton,et al.  The E-Interview , 2002 .

[4]  P. Benford The use of Internet-based communication by people with autism , 2008 .

[5]  Fiona Stewart,et al.  Internet Communication and Qualitative Research , 2000 .

[6]  Penny Standen,et al.  The internet: a comfortable communication medium for people with Asperger syndrome (AS) and high functioning autism (HFA)? , 2009 .

[7]  Henrietta O'Connor,et al.  Cyber-Mothers: Online Synchronous Interviewing using Conferencing Software , 2001 .

[8]  P. Chen,et al.  Realtime Interviewing Using the World Wide Web , 1999 .

[9]  Natilene Bowker,et al.  Dicing with Deception: People with Disabilities' Strategies for Managing Safety and Identity Online , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[10]  Shani Orgad,et al.  From online to offline and back: moving from online to offline relationships with research informants , 2005 .

[11]  Jill Aylott,et al.  Developing a social understanding of autism through the 'social model'. , 2003 .

[12]  J. Walther Computer-Mediated Communication , 1996 .

[13]  D. Mackay,et al.  Cognitive behaviour therapy. , 1982, British journal of hospital medicine.

[14]  A. Schuler,et al.  Social challenges and supports from the perspective of individuals with Asperger syndrome and other autism spectrum disabilities , 2008, Autism : the international journal of research and practice.

[15]  C. Murray,et al.  E-mail: A qualitative research medium for interviewing? , 1998 .

[16]  E. Helsper Digital inclusion: an analysis of social disadvantage and the information society , 2008 .

[17]  Russell Spears,et al.  Love at first byte? Building personal relationships over computer networks. , 1995 .

[18]  Judith L M Mccoyd,et al.  Conducting Intensive Interviews Using Email , 2006 .

[19]  B. Charlton,et al.  Supporting people with autism through adulthood , 2009 .

[20]  Yu Qiu-mei,et al.  Causes and Implications of Disinhibited Behaviors on the Internet , 2007 .

[21]  John Suler,et al.  The Online Disinhibition Effect , 2004, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[22]  David W. Park,et al.  Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction , 1994 .

[23]  B. Hølge-Hazelton The Internet: A New Field for Qualitative Inquiry? , 2002 .

[24]  Luciano Paccagnella,et al.  Getting the Seats of Your Pants Dirty: Strategies for Ethnographic Research on Virtual Communities , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[25]  D. McAuliffe,et al.  Email-facilitated qualitative interviews with traumatic brain injury survivors: A new and accessible method , 2006, Brain injury.

[26]  Nicole Shepherd,et al.  Interviewing Online: Qualitative Research in the Network(ed) Society , 2003 .

[27]  Jean Aitchison,et al.  Language and the Internet , 2002, Lit. Linguistic Comput..

[28]  Starr Roxanne Hiltz,et al.  Network Nation: Human Communication Via Computer , 1979 .

[29]  R. Coomber Using the Internet for Survey Research , 1997 .

[30]  U. Frith Emanuel Miller lecture: confusions and controversies about Asperger syndrome. , 2004, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[31]  Susie Scott Researching shyness: a contradiction in terms? , 2004 .

[32]  David Smukler Unauthorized minds: how "theory of mind" theory misrepresents autism. , 2005, Mental retardation.

[33]  Natilene Bowker,et al.  Using the Online Medium for Discursive Research About People With Disabilities , 2004 .

[34]  Elizabeth Murphy,et al.  Qualitative Methods and Health Policy Research , 2003 .

[35]  W. Seymour,et al.  In the flesh or online? Exploring qualitative research methodologies , 2001 .

[36]  Great Britain. Comptroller Supporting people with autism through adulthood , 2009 .