SPC Monitoring and Variance Estimation

According to W. Shewhart, process variation can be classified into assignable cause and common cause variations. Assignable cause variation can be eliminated by statistical process control (SPC) methods through identification and elimination of the root cause of the process shift. Common cause variation is inherent in the process and is generally difficult to reduce by SPC methods. However, if the common cause variation can be modeled by an autocorrelated process and physical variables are available to adjust the output, the common cause variation can be reduced by automatic process control (APC) methods through feedback/feedforward controllers. Integration of SPC and APC methods can result in major improvements in industrial efficiency.

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