The relationship between deductive reasoning and the syntax of language in Broca’s area: A review of the neuroimaging literature

Une caracteristique remarquable du cerveau humain est sa capacite a faire des deductions, c’est-a-dire a deduire des conclusions valides a partir d’informations connues. En partie parce que ces deductions jouent un role important dans la communication orale et ecrite, il a ete postule qu’il pourrait exister une relation etroite entre le langage et le raisonnement deductif chez l’etre humain. Certains ont notamment propose que le raisonnement deductif reposerait sur un systeme de regles inferentielles qui pourraient etre comparees a la grammaire d’un langage naturel. Dans cet article, je passe en revue la litterature en neuroimagerie sur le raisonnement deductif afin d’evaluer si les operations neuro-cognitives qui sous-tendent le raisonnement deductif sont similaires a celles qui sous-tendent le traitement syntaxique du langage. Bien que certaines etudes suggerent que des deductions relativement simples pourraient reposer sur l’aire de Broca, aucune etude a ce jour n’a demontre que les mecanismes soutenant le traitement syntaxique du langage contribuent au raisonnement deductif. Les implications de cette revue sur les recherches futures sont mentionnees.

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