The Nutritional Requirements of the Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Application to Biochemical Research

Early studies by a number of workers, particularly those of Orla-Jensen and coworker (1919, 1930), established the fact that lactic acid bacteria require complex media for rapid growth. Among the constituents of such media which were found necessary for these organisms were riboflavin and certain amino acids (Orla-Jensen et al., 1936a, 1936b). A detailed investigation of the organic factors required by these bacteria was begun by the author at the University of Wisconsin in 1936, under the direction of Professor W. H. Peterson, and has been continued under varied circumstances, and with many interruptions, to the present time. A brief, and therefore incomplete, summary of our present knowledge of this subject, of its development, and certain of its applications to biochemical research will be attempted. The medium chosen as a starting point for our investigation had the following composition (Snell, Tatum, and Peterson, 1937):

[1]  E. Barton-wright.  The microbiological assay of amino acids. , 1947, The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

[2]  E. Snell.  THE VITAMIN B6 GROUP VII. REPLACEMENT OF VITAMIN B6 FOR SOME MICROORGANISMS BY d(-)-ALANINE AND AN UNIDENTIFIED FACTOR FROM CASEIN , 1945 .

[3]  E. Snell.  THE VITAMIN B6 GROUP IV. EVIDENCE FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF PYRIDOXAMINE AND PYRIDOXAL IN NATURAL PRODUCTS , 1945 .

[4]  E. Snell,et al.  The vitamin B6 group. 3. The vitamin activity of pyridoxal and pyridoxamine for various organisms. , 1945 .

[5]  S. Price.  Microbiological Assay of Riboflavin , 1945, Nature.

[6]  E. Snell.  The vitamin B6 group. 1. Formation of additional members from pyridoxine and evidence concerning their structure. , 1944 .

[7]  L. Rockland,et al.  Investigations of amino acids, peptides, and proteins. 18. The amino acid requirements of Leuconostoc mesenteroides P-60. , 1944 .

[8]  H. Sarett,et al.  THE USE OF LACTOBACILLUS FERMENTUM 36 FOR THIAMINE ASSAY , 1944 .

[9]  W. Bellamy,et al.  A FUNCTION OF PYRIDOXAL , 1944 .

[10]  L. D. Wright,et al.  The Growth Factor Requirements of Certain Streptococci , 1944, Journal of bacteriology.

[11]  E. Snell.  THE VITAMIN ACTIVITIES OF "PYRIDOXAL" AND "PYRIDOXAMINE" , 1944 .

[12]  C. F. Niven.  Nutrition of Streptococcus lactis , 1944, Journal of bacteriology.

[13]  F. Strong,et al.  Microbiological determination of pantothenic acid. Further studies. , 1943 .

[14]  J. C. Lewis.  A LACTOBACILLUS ASSAY METHOD FOR p-AMINOBENZOIC ACID , 1942 .

[15]  H. Isbell.  Effect of p-aminobenzoic acid on the microbiological assay for nicotinic acid. , 1942 .

[16]  R. Williams,et al.  Occurrence in natural products of a physiologically active metabolite of pyridoxine. , 1942 .

[17]  D. Woolley.  MANGANESE AND THE GROWTH OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA , 1941 .

[18]  E. Snell,et al.  A MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINIC ACID , 1941 .

[19]  R. Williams,et al.  An assay method for pantothenic acid. , 1940 .

[20]  J. Finkelstein,et al.  Pantothenic Acid. VI. The Isolation and Structure of the Lactone Moiety , 1940 .

[21]  F. Strong,et al.  The effect of riboflavin and of certain synthetic flavins on the growth of lactic acid bacteria. , 1939 .

[22]  J. H. Truesdail,et al.  Pantothenic acid. 2. Its concentration and purification from liver. , 1938 .

[23]  W. H. Peterson,et al.  Pantothenic and nicotinic acids as growth factors for lactic acid bacteria. , 1938 .

[24]  H. Speakman.  MOLECULAR CONFIGURATION IN THE SUGARS AND ACID PRODUCTION BY BACILLUS GRANULOBACTER PECTINOVORUM , 1923 .