Keyframe control of complex particle systems using the adjoint method

Control of physical simulation has become a popular topic in the field of computer graphics. Keyframe control has been applied to simulations of rigid bodies, smoke, liquid, flocks, and finite element-based elastic bodies. In this paper, we create a framework for controlling systems of interacting particles -- paying special attention to simulations of cloth and flocking behavior. We introduce a novel integrator-swapping approximation in order to apply the adjoint method to linearized implicit schemes appropriate for cloth simulation. This allows the control of cloth while avoiding computationally infeasible derivative calculations. Meanwhile, flocking control using the adjoint method is significantly more efficient than currently-used methods for constraining group behaviors, allowing the controlled simulation of greater numbers of agents in fewer optimization iterations.

[1]  Dani Lischinski,et al.  Target-driven smoke animation , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[2]  Yizhou Yu,et al.  Controllable motion synthesis in a gaseous medium , 2005, The Visual Computer.

[3]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Robust treatment of collisions, contact and friction for cloth animation , 2002, SIGGRAPH Courses.

[4]  Z. Popovic,et al.  Fluid control using the adjoint method , 2004, SIGGRAPH 2004.

[5]  Steven M. Seitz,et al.  Motion sketching for control of rigid-body simulations , 2003, TOGS.

[6]  Dani Lischinski,et al.  Target-driven smoke animation , 2004, SIGGRAPH 2004.

[7]  Marjolaine Tremblay.  Multiple creatures choreography on Star Wars: (Episode I “The Phantom Menance”) , 1999, SIGGRAPH '99.

[8]  Andrew P. Witkin,et al.  Large steps in cloth simulation , 1998, SIGGRAPH.

[9]  Jorge Nocedal,et al.  Algorithm 778: L-BFGS-B: Fortran subroutines for large-scale bound-constrained optimization , 1997, TOMS.

[10]  Dinesh Manocha,et al.  Interactive collision detection between deformable models using chromatic decomposition , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[11]  John F. Hughes,et al.  Plausible motion simulation for computer graphics animation , 1996 .

[12]  Craig W. Reynolds.  Flocks, herds, and schools: a distributed behavioral model , 1987, SIGGRAPH.

[13]  Adrien Treuille,et al.  Fluid control using the adjoint method , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[14]  Andrew P. Witkin,et al.  Untangling cloth , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[15]  E. Tziperman,et al.  Finite Difference of Adjoint or Adjoint of Finite Difference , 1997 .

[16]  Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann,et al.  Implementing fast cloth simulation with collision response , 2000, Proceedings Computer Graphics International 2000.

[17]  Yu-Chi Lai,et al.  Group motion graphs , 2005, SCA '05.

[18]  Matt Anderson,et al.  Constrained animation of flocks , 2003, SCA '03.

[19]  Ken-ichi Anjyo,et al.  Directable animation of elastic objects , 2005, SCA '05.

[20]  Andreas Schiller,et al.  A technique for the determination of surface heat and freshwater fluxes from hydrographic observations, using an approximate adjoint ocean circulation model , 1995 .

[21]  Cassidy J. Curtis,et al.  An art-directed wrinkle system for CG character clothing , 2005, SCA '05.

[22]  Andrew P. Witkin,et al.  Spacetime constraints , 1988, SIGGRAPH.

[23]  Lin Shi,et al.  Controllable smoke animation with guiding objects , 2005, TOGS.

[24]  Adrien Treuille,et al.  Keyframe control of smoke simulations , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[25]  Kwang-Jin Choi,et al.  Stable but responsive cloth , 2002, SIGGRAPH 2002.

[26]  Kwang-Jin Choi,et al.  Stable but responsive cloth , 2002, SIGGRAPH Courses.

[27]  Thomas Kaminski,et al.  Recipes for adjoint code construction , 1998, TOMS.

[28]  David E. Breen,et al.  A Particle-Based Model for Simulating the Draping Behavior of Woven Cloth , 1993 .

[29]  Xavier Provot,et al.  Deformation Constraints in a Mass-Spring Model to Describe Rigid Cloth Behavior , 1995 .

[30]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Simulation of clothing with folds and wrinkles , 2003, SCA '03.

[31]  Ming C. Lin,et al.  Interactive collision detection between deformable models using chromatic decomposition , 2005, ACM Trans. Graph..

[32]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Sampling plausible solutions to multi-body constraint problems , 2000, SIGGRAPH.

[33]  Yizhou Yu,et al.  Taming liquids for rapidly changing targets , 2005, SCA '05.

[34]  Jessica K. Hodgins,et al.  Estimating cloth simulation parameters from video , 2003, SCA '03.

[35]  Mathieu Desbrun,et al.  Interactive Animation of Structured Deformable Objects , 1999, Graphics Interface.

[36]  Steven M. Seitz,et al.  Interactive manipulation of rigid body simulations , 2000, SIGGRAPH.