Use of Quantitative Methods to Support Research Decisions in Business and Government

Modern industrial nations expend about 2.3% of their gross national products for research and development. In the U.S., concern over the nation’s economic performance has been linked to the size and composition of expenditures for research. At issue is not whether the U.S. should make such expenditures, but how large they should be; how much should be devoted to basic research, applied research, development, and to other phases of knowledge generation and application; how research resources such as money and manpower should be allocated among scientific fields, industries, and areas of national concern (defense, energy, health); and, more broadly, what the relative roles of government and the private sector should be in supporting the national research effort.

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