Coherent Lightwave Communication Systems

Part 1 Introduction: fundamental ideas on coherent lightwave communications application fields problems for implementing coherent systems overview of historical improvements of the state of the art contents of this book. Part 2 Modulation and demodulation techniques: overview of three different modulation and demodulation schemes modulation schemes heterodyne detection schemes homodyne detection schemes phase-diversity schemes comparison of different demodulation schemes. Part 3 Receiver sensitivity characteristics in coherent detection: noise and SNR in a receiver bit-error rate characteristics comparison of receiver sensitivity between IM-DD and coherent schemes BER expressions for various coherent schemes receiver sensitivity degradation due to phase noise of laser light sources. Part 4 Lasers for coherent systems: characteristics required for lasers in coherent systems fundamental characteristics of semiconductor lasers solutions for insufficient laser linewidth solutions for frequency stability solutions for nonuniform frequency modulation characteristics solutions for insufficient tunability. Part 5 Receivers for coherent systems: characteristics required of receivers in coherent systems fundamental ideas about optical detectors realization of low-noise and wideband coherent receivers balanced receiver. Part 6 Solutions for receiver sensitivity degradation due to polarization fluctuation in optical fibers: receiver sensitivity degradation due to the polarization fluctuation in a single-mode optical fiber solutions for receiver sensitivity degradation due to polarization fluctuation. Part 7 Coherent systems using optical amplifiers: optical amplifiers application of optical amplifiers to lightwave communication systems booster amplifier application effectiveness of optical amplifiers as preamplifiers and in-line amplifiers receiver application in-line repeater amplifier application influence of Kerr effect on systems using in-line amplifiers. Part 8 High-speed coherent systems: limitation of high-speed transmission realization of high-speed coherent systems. Part 9 Multichannel coherent systems: limitation of multichannel coherent systems realization of multichannel coherent systems subcarrier multiplexing. Part 10 Long-distance coherent systems: limitation of long-distance transmission realization of long-distance transmission. Part 11 Recent experimental results of coherent field trials: purpose of coherent field trials demonstration of long-term stable operation demonstration of countermeasures against polarization fluctuation in single-mode optical fibers demonstration of long-haul transmission. Part 12 Application of coherent technology in future lightwave communications: future prospects and related problems. Part 13 Measurement methods using coherent technology: impact of coherent technology on optical measurement some novel measurement techniques. Part 14 Concluding remarks.