Pars network: A multistage interconnection network with fault-tolerance capability

Interconnection networks are used for communication between nodes in multi-processor systems as well as super-systems. These systems require effective communication between the processor and memory blocks and therefore, interconnection networks are considered as the heart of the parallel processing and multi-processor systems. Multistage interconnection networks (MINs) are the main option for use in supercomputer environments that consist of thousands of processing elements. In this paper, a regular class of fault-tolerant MINs named Pars network along with its routing algorithm are presented. Analytical results demonstrate that the Pars network outperforms known regular networks, namely ABN, ASEN, EGN, and IEGN in terms of cost, fault-tolerance, terminal reliability, mean time to failure, and permutation capability. A new fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network called Pars is proposed.A novel design idea, perfect connection, is implemented on Pars.Pars network can meet both performance and cost requirements.Pars network outperforms popular networks ABN, ASEN, and EGN.

[1]  John D. Garofalakis,et al.  An Analytical Performance Model for Multistage Interconnection Networks with Blocking , 2008, 6th Annual Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (cnsr 2008).

[2]  Rinkle Rani Aggarwal,et al.  Design Scheme and Performance Evaluation of a new Fault-tolerant Multistage Interconnection Network , 2009 .

[3]  Hesham El-Rewini,et al.  Advanced Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing , 2005 .

[4]  Janak H. Patel.  Performance of Processor-Memory Interconnections for Multiprocessors , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[5]  Gyungho Lee,et al.  Extra Group Network: a cost-effective fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network , 1988, [1988] The 15th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture. Conference Proceedings.

[6]  Indra Gunawan,et al.  Redundant paths and reliability bounds in gamma networks , 2008 .

[7]  John D. Garofalakis,et al.  Performance evaluation for single‐ and semi‐layer multistage interconnection networks servicing multicast traffic by full multicast operation , 2011, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[8]  Indra Gunawan,et al.  Reliability analysis of shuffle-exchange network systems , 2008, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[9]  Youngsuk Kim,et al.  Network reliability analysis of complex systems using a non-simulation-based method , 2013, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[10]  Kuldip Singh,et al.  Reliability and performance analysis of a modular multistage interconnection network , 1993 .

[11]  Sudhakar Yalamanchili,et al.  Interconnection Networks: An Engineering Approach , 2002 .

[12]  Yuanyuan Yang,et al.  A new design for wide-sense nonblocking multicast switching networks , 2005, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577).

[13]  Adamantios Mettas,et al.  System reliability analysis: the advantages of using analytical methods to analyze non-repairable systems , 2001, Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium. 2001 Proceedings. International Symposium on Product Quality and Integrity (Cat. No.01CH37179).

[14]  Kishor S. Trivedi,et al.  Reliability analysis of interconnection networks using hierarchical composition , 1989 .

[15]  Indra Gunawan,et al.  Reliability Bounds for Large Multistage Interconnection Networks , 2002, PARA.

[16]  Won-Hee Kang,et al.  A rapid reliability estimation method for directed acyclic lifeline networks with statistically dependent components , 2014, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[17]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  A Survey and Comparision of Fault-Tolerant Multistage Interconnection Networks , 1987, Computer.

[18]  Sheroz Khan,et al.  On Reliability Analysis of Fault-tolerant Multistage Interconnection Networks , 2008 .

[19]  Yi-Kuei Lin,et al.  A Novel Reliability Evaluation Technique for Stochastic-Flow Manufacturing Networks With Multiple Production Lines , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Reliability.

[20]  Howard Jay Siegel,et al.  Study of multistage SIMD interconnection networks , 1978, ISCA '78.

[21]  Sudhakar Yalamanchili,et al.  Interconnection Networks , 2011, Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing.

[22]  Günter Hommel,et al.  MLMIN: A multicore processor and parallel computer network topology for multicast , 2008, Comput. Oper. Res..

[23]  Mohsen Jahanshahi,et al.  An Efficient Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Inference Systems , 2013 .

[24]  Sudhakar M. Reddy,et al.  Augmented Shuffle-Exchange Multistage Interconnection Networks , 1987, Computer.

[25]  Chita R. Das,et al.  Distributed Fault Diagnosis in Multistage Network-Based Multiprocessors , 1995, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[26]  Hesham El-Rewini,et al.  Advanced Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing (Wiley Series on Parallel and Distributed Computing) , 2005 .

[27]  Annalisa Massini,et al.  All-to-all Personalized Communication on Multistage Interconnection Networks , 2003, Discret. Appl. Math..

[28]  Harsh Sadawarti,et al.  Fault tolerant irregular augmented shuffle network , 2007 .

[29]  David Wheeler,et al.  Fast Packet Switching for Integrated Services , 1998 .

[30]  N. Padmavathy,et al.  Evaluation of mobile ad hoc network reliability using propagation-based link reliability model , 2013, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[31]  Mehdi Dehghan,et al.  A mathematical formulation for joint channel assignment and multicast routing in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks , 2011, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[32]  Kuldip Singh,et al.  On a fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network , 1994 .

[33]  Howard Jay Siegel,et al.  The Extra Stage Cube: A Fault-Tolerant Interconnection Network for Supersystems , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[34]  Tse-Yun Feng,et al.  On a Class of Multistage Interconnection Networks , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[35]  Yiu-Wing Leung,et al.  On-Line Fault Identification in Multistage Interconnection Networks , 1993, Parallel Comput..

[36]  Israel Koren,et al.  Fault-Tolerant Systems , 2007 .

[37]  Alessandro Birolini.  Reliability Engineering: Theory and Practice , 1999 .

[38]  Ved Prakash Bhardwaj,et al.  Message Broadcasting via a New Fault Tolerant Irregular Advance Omega Network in Faulty and Nonfaulty Network Environments , 2013, J. Electr. Comput. Eng..

[39]  Mohsen Jahanshahi,et al.  Energy Aware Distributed Partitioning Detection and Connectivity Restoration Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2013 .

[40]  Mingyuan Zhang,et al.  Node vulnerability of water distribution networks under cascading failures , 2014, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[41]  Paolo Giaccone,et al.  Design and control of next generation distribution frames , 2011, 2011 IEEE 12th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing.

[42]  Nabanita Das,et al.  O(n) routing in rearrangeable networks , 2000, J. Syst. Archit..

[43]  Mohsen Jahanshahi,et al.  Multicast routing protocols in wireless mesh networks: a survey , 2014, Computing.

[44]  Jean-Luc Dekeyser,et al.  A universal performance factor for multi-criteria evaluation of multistage interconnection networks , 2006, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[45]  John D. Garofalakis,et al.  Mechanisms and analysis for supporting multicast traffic by using multilayer multistage interconnection networks , 2011, Int. J. Netw. Manag..

[46]  Murali Annavaram,et al.  Parallel Computer Organization and Design , 2012 .

[47]  Mohsen Jahanshahi,et al.  Improved extra group network: a new fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network , 2014, The Journal of Supercomputing.

[48]  Barry W. Johnson.  Fault-Tolerant Microprocessor-Based Systems , 1984, IEEE Micro.

[49]  Jim Harkin,et al.  Online traffic-aware fault detection for networks-on-chip , 2014, J. Parallel Distributed Comput..

[50]  V. P. Kumar,et al.  Design and analysis of fault-tolerant multistage interconnection networks with low link complexity , 1985, ISCA 1985.

[51]  Mehdi Dehghan,et al.  On channel assignment and multicast routing in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks , 2013, Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput..

[52]  William J. Dally,et al.  Principles and Practices of Interconnection Networks , 2004 .

[53]  Amitabha Chakrabarty,et al.  O(log m. log N) routing algorithm for (2 log N-1)-stage switching networks and beyond , 2014, J. Parallel Distributed Comput..

[54]  Nader Ebrahimi,et al.  Reliability of Sensors Based on Nanowire Networks Operating in a Dynamic Environment , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Reliability.

[55]  Mohsen Jahanshahi,et al.  Analyzing the reliability of shuffle-exchange networks using reliability block diagrams , 2014, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[56]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  Graph Theoretical Analysis and Design of Multistage Interconnection Networks , 1983, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[57]  José Duato,et al.  A new proposal to deal with congestion in InfiniBand-based fat-trees , 2014, J. Parallel Distributed Comput..

[58]  Kishor S. Trivedi,et al.  Multistage Interconnection Network Reliability , 1989, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[59]  S. Bhattacharya,et al.  High level net models: a tool for permutation mapping and fault detection in multistage interconnection network , 2000, 2000 TENCON Proceedings. Intelligent Systems and Technologies for the New Millennium (Cat. No.00CH37119).

[60]  Minsu Choi,et al.  Modeling and analysis of fault tolerant multistage interconnection networks , 2003, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[61]  Mehdi Dehghan,et al.  LAMR: learning automata based multicast routing protocol for multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks , 2012, Applied Intelligence.

[62]  Nitin,et al.  Designing a Fault-tolerant Fully-Chained Combining Switches Multi-stage Interconnection Network with Disjoint Paths , 2011, The Journal of Supercomputing.

[63]  Chase Rainwater,et al.  Social network analysis via multi-state reliability and conditional influence models , 2013, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..