Statistical Analysis of Freeway Traffic

Single-vehicle data of freeway traffic as well as selected Floating-Car (FC) data are analyzed in detail. Traffic states are distinguished by means of aggregated data. We propose a method for a quantitative classification of these states. The data of individual vehicles allow for insights into the interaction of vehicles. The time-headway distribution reveals a characteristic structure dominated by peaks and controlled by the underlying traffic states. The tendency to reach a pleasant level of “driving comfort” gives rise to new v(Δx)-diagrams, known as Optimal-Velocity (OV) curves. The insights found at locally fixed detectors can be confirmed by FC data. In fundamental diagrams derived from local measurements new high-flow states can be observed.

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