Image Fusion Using the Expectation-Maximization Algorithm and a Gaussian Mixture Model

Image fusion refers the process of combining multiple images of a scene to obtain a single composite image [1, 2, 3, 4]. The different images to be fused can come from different sensors of the same basic type or they may come from different types of sensors. The composite image should contain a more useful description of the scene than provided by any of the individual source images. This fused image should be more useful for human visual or machine perception. In recent years, image fusion has become an important and useful technique for image analysis, computer vision [4, 5, 6, 7], concealed weapon detection (CWD) [8,9], and autonomous landing guidance (ALG) [10, 11].