Immune Response to Liposome-Associated Recombinant SEF21 Following Oral Immunization in Chickens

SUMMARY. In order to generate Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis fimbriae antigens (rSEF21), the intact region encoding SEF21 was amplified from Salmonella Enteritidis by PCR and subcloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+) to yield pET-28a(+)-SEF21. The rSEF21 protein was highly expressed and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. Liposome-associated rSEF21 was prepared for oral immunization to seek protective efficacy for intestinal infection with Salmonella Enteritidis. Evidence of IgA and IgG responses were found in the intestinal tracts and in the sera of a group of chickens immunized. Two weeks after the booster immunization, the chickens were challenged orally with 2 × 106 colony-forming units of live Salmonella Enteritidis, and fecal samples were examined for bacterial excretion from the intestinal tract. Significantly less fecal excretion of bacteria was observed in immunized chickens for 4 wk after challenge. The numbers of bacteria in the intestinal contents (cecum and rectum) were also significantly lower in immunized chickens than in unimmunized controls. Therefore, oral immunization with liposome-associated rSEF21 elicits both systemic and mucosal antibody responses, leading to a reduction in bacterial colonization in the intestinal tract and excretion of Salmonella Enteritidis in the feces. RESUMEN. Respuesta inmune contra una proteína recombinante de Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis SEF21 asociada a liposomas, después de la inmunización oral en pollos. Con el fin de generar antígenos fimbriales de Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (rSEF21), se amplificó mediante PCR la región intacta de codificación SEF21 a partir de Salmonella Enteritidis y se subclonó en un vector de expresión procariótica pET-28a (+) para producir pET-28a (+)-SEF21. La proteína rSEF21 fue altamente expresada y se purificó mediante cromatografía de afinidad con níquel. Se preparó la proteína rSEF21 asociada a liposomas para la inmunización oral para determinar la eficacia protectora contra la infección intestinal con Salmonella Enteritidis. Se encontró evidencia de las respuestas de IgA e IgG en los tractos intestinales y en los sueros de un grupo de pollos inmunizados. Dos semanas después de la inmunización de refuerzo, los pollos fueron desafiados oralmente con 2 × 106 unidades formadoras de colonias de Salmonella Enteritidis viva, y las muestras de heces fueron examinadas para la excreción de bacterias en el tracto intestinal. Se observó una excreción fecal de bacterias significativamente menor en pollos vacunados durante cuatro semanas después del desafío. Los números de bacterias en los contenidos intestinales (el ciego y el recto) también fueron significativamente menores en los pollos inmunizados en comparación con los controles no vacunados. Por lo tanto, la inmunización oral con la proteína rSEF21 asociada con liposomas provoca respuestas de anticuerpos sistémicos y en las mucosas, dando lugar a una reducción de la colonización bacteriana en el tracto intestinal y a la excreción de Salmonella Enteritidis en las heces.

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