Side-Information based Exponential Discriminant Analysis for face verification in the wild

Recently, there is an extensive research efforts devoted to the challenging problem of face verification in unconstrained settings and weakly labeled data, where the task is to determine whether pairs of images are from the same person or not. In this paper, we propose a novel discriminative dimensionality reduction technique called Side-Information Exponential Discriminant Analysis (SIEDA) which inherits the advantages of both Side-Information Linear Discriminant (SILD) and Exponential Discriminant Analysis (EDA). SIEDA transforms the problem of face verification under weakly labeled data into a generalized eigenvalue problem while alleviating the preprocessing step of PCA dimensionality reduction. To further boost the performance, the multi-scale variant of the binarized statistical image features histograms are adopted for efficient and rich facial texture representation. Extensive experimental evaluation on the challenging Labeled Faces in the Wild LFW benchmark database demonstrates the superiority of SIEDA over SILD. Moreover, the obtained verification accuracy is impressive and compares favorably against the state-of-the-art.

[1]  Tal Hassner,et al.  Multiple One-Shots for Utilizing Class Label Information , 2009, BMVC.

[2]  Lakhmi C. Jain,et al.  Introduction to Local Binary Patterns: New Variants and Applications , 2013, Local Binary Patterns.

[3]  Bin Xu,et al.  Generalized Discriminant Analysis: A Matrix Exponential Approach , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics).

[4]  Josef Kittler,et al.  Class-Specific Kernel Fusion of Multiple Descriptors for Face Verification Using Multiscale Binarised Statistical Image Features , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[5]  Gang Hua,et al.  Eigen-PEP for Video Face Recognition , 2014, ACCV.

[6]  Andrew Zisserman,et al.  Fisher Vector Faces in the Wild , 2013, BMVC.

[7]  T. Minka A comparison of numerical optimizers for logistic regression , 2004 .

[8]  Nicolas Pinto,et al.  How far can you get with a modern face recognition test set using only simple features? , 2009, CVPR.

[9]  Brian C. Lovell,et al.  Multi-Region Probabilistic Histograms for Robust and Scalable Identity Inference , 2009, ICB.

[10]  Craig I. Watson,et al.  Studies of biometric fusion , 2006 .

[11]  Honglak Lee,et al.  Learning hierarchical representations for face verification with convolutional deep belief networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[12]  Lakhmi C. Jain,et al.  Local Binary Patterns: New Variants and Applications , 2013, Local Binary Patterns.

[13]  Xiaoyang Tan,et al.  Fusing Gabor and LBP Feature Sets for Kernel-Based Face Recognition , 2007, AMFG.

[14]  Shiguang Shan,et al.  Side-Information based Linear Discriminant Analysis for Face Recognition , 2011, BMVC.

[15]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Unconstrained face recognition: Establishing baseline human performance via crowdsourcing , 2014, IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics.

[16]  Gang Hua,et al.  Probabilistic Elastic Matching for Pose Variant Face Verification , 2013, 2013 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[17]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Face recognition using eigenfaces , 1991, Proceedings. 1991 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[18]  Josef Kittler,et al.  Efficient processing of MRFs for unconstrained-pose face recognition , 2013, 2013 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[19]  Esa Rahtu,et al.  BSIF: Binarized statistical image features , 2012, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR2012).

[20]  Tal Hassner,et al.  Effective Unconstrained Face Recognition by Combining Multiple Descriptors and Learned Background Statistics , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[21]  Peng Li,et al.  Similarity Metric Learning for Face Recognition , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[22]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  A Case Study on Unconstrained Facial Recognition Using the Boston Marathon Bombings Suspects , 2013 .

[23]  Frédéric Jurie,et al.  Learning Visual Similarity Measures for Comparing Never Seen Objects , 2007, 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[24]  Erik Learned-Miller,et al.  Weakly supervised learning for unconstrained face processing , 2012 .

[25]  Verzekeren Naar Sparen,et al.  Cambridge , 1969, Humphrey Burton: In My Own Time.

[26]  Erik G. Learned-Miller,et al.  Unsupervised Joint Alignment of Complex Images , 2007, 2007 IEEE 11th International Conference on Computer Vision.

[27]  Chengjun Liu,et al.  Discriminant analysis and similarity measure , 2014, Pattern Recognit..

[28]  Marwan Mattar,et al.  Labeled Faces in the Wild: A Database forStudying Face Recognition in Unconstrained Environments , 2008 .

[29]  Abdenour Hadid,et al.  Multi scale multi descriptor local binary features and exponential discriminant analysis for robust face authentication , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP).

[30]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Multiscale Local Phase Quantization for Robust Component-Based Face Recognition Using Kernel Fusion of Multiple Descriptors , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.