Statistical Racing Techniques for Improved Empirical Evaluation of Evolutionary Algorithms

In empirical studies of Evolutionary Algorithms, it is usually desirable to evaluate and compare algorithms using as many different parameter settings and test problems as possible, in order to have a clear and detailed picture of their performance. Unfortunately, the total number of experiments required may be very large, which often makes such research work computationally prohibitive. In this paper, the application of a statistical method called racing is proposed as a general-purpose tool to reduce the computational requirements of large-scale experimental studies in evolutionary algorithms. Experimental results are presented that show that racing typically requires only a small fraction of the cost of an exhaustive experimental study.

[1]  Thomas Stützle,et al.  A Racing Algorithm for Configuring Metaheuristics , 2002, GECCO.

[2]  R. A. Groeneveld,et al.  Practical Nonparametric Statistics (2nd ed). , 1981 .

[3]  Sidney Addelman,et al.  trans-Dimethanolbis(1,1,1-trifluoro-5,5-dimethylhexane-2,4-dionato)zinc(II) , 2008, Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online.

[4]  Kenneth A. De Jong,et al.  Using Problem Generators to Explore the Effects of Epistasis , 1997, ICGA.

[5]  M. F. Fuller,et al.  Practical Nonparametric Statistics; Nonparametric Statistical Inference , 1973 .

[6]  H. Mühlenbein,et al.  From Recombination of Genes to the Estimation of Distributions I. Binary Parameters , 1996, PPSN.

[7]  L. Darrell Whitley,et al.  Evaluating Evolutionary Algorithms , 1996, Artif. Intell..

[8]  A. E. Eiben,et al.  A critical note on experimental research methodology in EC , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600).

[9]  Heekuck Oh,et al.  Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition , 1993, Adv. Comput..

[10]  Andrew W. Moore,et al.  Hoeffding Races: Accelerating Model Selection Search for Classification and Function Approximation , 1993, NIPS.

[11]  W. Hoeffding Probability Inequalities for sums of Bounded Random Variables , 1963 .

[12]  Andrew W. Moore,et al.  The Racing Algorithm: Model Selection for Lazy Learners , 1997, Artificial Intelligence Review.

[13]  Marcus Gallagher,et al.  On building a principled framework for evaluating and testing evolutionary algorithms: a continuous landscape generator , 2003, The 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2003. CEC '03..

[14]  Marcus Gallagher,et al.  Multi-layer Perceptron Error Surfaces: Visualization, Structure and Modelling , 2000 .