Robust and Adaptive Control of Blood Glucose Level by use of Meal Information

Abstract The present paper investigates the robust and adaptive control scheme to regulate the blood glucose concentration of diabetic patients after they have a meal so that it can track a desirable response profile of the blood glucose specified by a physician. One of distinctive features of the proposed scheme is to make use of accessible informations on the meal effectively in the design of the feedforward or preview controller for insulin infusion, so as to attain more accurate feedback control to suppress excessive fluctuations of blood glucose, which tends to appear in the case of subcutaneous insulin injection. Furthermore, the ideas of the robust model-matching is presented to realize the control system with low sensitivity to individual differences in diabetic glucose regulation kinetics, undeterministic disturbances and variations in the meal quantity and timing. The adaptive scheme based on the model reference adaptive control is also incorporated to compensate large individual differences in the kinetics. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is examined through numerical simulations and animal experiments.