FCS in Single Molecule Analysis

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) was introduced in the early 1970s for the analysis of thermodynamic fluctuations of chemical systems[22.1-22.3] in an attempt to complement chemical relaxation spectroscopyas introduced by Eigen and de Meyer for the analysis of ultrafast kinetics.Chemical relaxation refers to the adjustment of chemical reactions into anew equilbrium state after an instantaneous change of intensive parameterssuch as temperature, pressure or electric field [22.4]. Chemical fluctuationsdepend on the spontaneous change in number density of chemical systemsdue to processes involving transitions into the excited state [22.3], Brownianmotion [22.1,22.3] as well as chemical kinetics [22.2,22.5].

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