Robust H-infinite loop shaping controller based on hybrid PSO and harmonic search for frequency regulation in hybrid distributed generation system

Abstract This paper presents a study on frequency regulation in isolated hybrid distributed generation (DG) system. The hybrid DG system consists of wind turbine generator (WTG), photovoltaic (PV), aqua-electrolyzer (AE), fuel cell (FC) and diesel engine generator (DEG) along with storage like flywheel energy storage system (FESS), battery energy storage system (BESS) and ultra-capacitor (UC). H-infinite loop shaping based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) as well as hybrid particle swarm optimization and harmonic search (PSOHS) controller is proposed to minimize the frequency deviation. The controller performance is analyzed under wide-band range of wind speed based on Van-der Hoven model, random load demand and non-linear solar-radiation variation which are considered as disturbances into the system. Also, the controller robustness is tested for changes in parameter up to ±30% of its nominal value. The simulated results under different operating scenarios demonstrate minimum frequency deviation in hybrid system, being achieved by the proposed controllers with use of UC as storage combination along with FESS in comparison to a simple PSO tuned PID controller.

[1]  Caisheng Wang,et al.  Unit sizing and cost analysis of stand-alone hybrid wind/PV/fuel cell power generation systems , 2006 .

[2]  Keith Glover,et al.  Robust control design using normal-ized coprime factor plant descriptions , 1989 .

[3]  Nand Kishor,et al.  Proportional–integral controller based small-signal analysis of hybrid distributed generation systems , 2011 .

[4]  M.S. Alam,et al.  Modeling and Analysis of an FC/UC Hybrid Vehicular Power System Using a Novel-Wavelet-Based Load Sharing Algorithm , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[5]  C. Nichita,et al.  Large band simulation of the wind speed for real time wind turbine simulators , 2002 .

[6]  T. Funabashi,et al.  Oscillation frequency control based on H/sub /spl infin// controller for a small power system using renewable energy facilities in isolated island , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[7]  M.S. Alam,et al.  Dynamic modeling, design, and simulation of a combined PEM fuel cell and ultracapacitor system for stand-alone residential applications , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[8]  T. Funabashi,et al.  A hybrid power system using alternative energy facilities in isolated island , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[9]  Tao Xu,et al.  Electrical Power and Energy Systems , 2015 .

[10]  Ian Postlethwaite,et al.  Multivariable Feedback Control: Analysis and Design , 1996 .

[11]  Zwe-Lee Gaing,et al.  A particle swarm optimization approach for optimum design of PID controller in AVR system , 2004 .

[12]  Lennart Söder,et al.  Distributed generation : a definition , 2001 .

[13]  G. Joos,et al.  Comparison of Energy Storage System Technologies and Configurations in a Wind Farm , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[14]  Seyed Hamid Hosseini,et al.  Transmission constrained energy and reserve dispatch by harmony search algorithm , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[15]  I. V. D. Hoven.  POWER SPECTRUM OF HORIZONTAL WIND SPEED IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE FROM 0.0007 TO 900 CYCLES PER HOUR , 1957 .

[16]  Y.A.-R.I. Mohamed,et al.  Hybrid Variable-Structure Control With Evolutionary Optimum-Tuning Algorithm for Fast Grid-Voltage Regulation Using Inverter-Based Distributed Generation , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[17]  M. Rashidinejad,et al.  An implementation of harmony search algorithm to unit commitment problem , 2010 .

[18]  Li Wang,et al.  Analysis of a novel autonomous marine hybrid power generation/energy storage system with a high-voltage direct current link , 2008 .

[19]  Atsushi Yona,et al.  Frequency control in isolated island by using parallel operated battery systems applying H∞ control theory based on droop characteristics , 2011 .

[20]  Issarachai Ngamroo,et al.  Robust Frequency Control of Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System Using Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage , 2009 .

[21]  H. H. Happ,et al.  Power System Control and Stability , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[22]  Li Wang,et al.  Small-Signal Stability Analysis of an Autonomous Hybrid Renewable Energy Power Generation/Energy Storage System Part I: Time-Domain Simulations , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.