Defining and Measuring Academic Standards: A British Perspective.
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Historically, the definition and measurement of academic standards in British higher education have been the exclusive prerogative of the academic community. The calibration of standards across institutions was the responsibility and purpose of the external-examiner system. But the mechanisms in place to achieve these ends have broken down under the weight of the massification of UK higher education, the need to recruit international students to sustain revenue streams, and the league-table or rankings culture that has resulted in academic standards being sacrificed in order to maintain or improve institutional image. In 2008 the House of Commons inaugurated a wide-ranging inquiry into these matters. Its August 2009 report proposes radical solutions, the adoption of which will represent a definitive break with the traditions of the past.Definition des criteres de qualite et evaluation des performances universitaires : Une perspective britanniqueTraditionnellement, la definition des criteres de qualite et l’evaluation des performances universitaires dans l’enseignement superieur britannique etaient la prerogative exclusive de la communaute universitaire. L’etalonnage des criteres de qualite dans l’ensemble des etablissements relevait de la responsabilite du systeme d’examinateurs externes dont c’etait l’objectif. Cependant, les mecanismes mis en place a cette fin se sont effondres sous le poids de la massification de l’enseignement superieur britannique, la necessite de recruter des etudiants internationaux pour maintenir les flux de revenus, et la culture des classements qui a conduit au sacrifice de la qualite afin de preserver ou d’ameliorer une image institutionnelle. En 2008, la Chambre des Communes a inaugure une vaste enquete sur ces questions. Son rapport d’aout 2009 propose des solutions radicales, dont l’adoption constituera une rupture definitive avec les traditions du passe.
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