Reducing Power Consumption of Measurement and Control Modules Fed with Autonomous Power Supply

In this paper, a detailed analysis is made of the possibility of reducing the energy consumption of the measuring and control modules when they are powered by an autonomous source, a battery, without the possibility of restoring its charge. These modules are designed, in particular, to work in the system for emergency and post-emergency monitoring of equipment and the territory of complex technical systems (for example, nuclear power plants), which must ensure a long (according to regulatory documents at least 72 hours) data and commands exchanging. The issue of saving energy consumption is considered: (i) at all levels of building measurement and control modules from wireless data interchange and commands at the level of the structure of the system as a whole to the structure of the most measurement-control modules and circuits of their nodes (ii) in the context of providing informativity, survivability and reliability of data exchange and commands in the system of emergency and post-emergency monitoring of equipment and the territory as a whole. It is shown that the use of modern technical elements (in particular, drones operating as data and instructions retransmitters) and structural solutions (in particular, calibration of analog-digital and digital-analog converters) enables to ensure a high reliability of data and commands exchange despite simplifying the structure of nodes for saving energy consumption.