Home-made monoclonal antibody –based sandwich ELISA versus commercial fast dot- ELISA technique in the diagnosis of human schistosomiasis and fascioliasis

Two monoclonal antibodies (12D/10F) and (5F/6H) were prepared at Immunology Department, TBRI. The first was an IgM monoclonal antibody prepared against S. mansoni adult worm tegumental antigen and the second was of IgG subclass prepared against F. gigantica excretory / secretory products. Both monoclonals were evaluated by comparing the detection of specific Schistosoma circulating antigen (SCA) in serum and urine, and Fasciola circulating antigen in serum (FCA) and coproantigen by using MAb sandwich ELISA versus commercially available antigen capture fast dot-ELISA. Studied subjects comprised 42 S. mansoni infected patients, 35 F. gigantica infected patients, 30 patients harbouring parasites other than the parasite of infected group, and 20 healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of SCA assay in serum and urine by MAb sandwich ELISA was 92.9% and 96% for serum and 90.5% and 94% for urine respectively, compared to 71.4% and 76% for serum and 76.2% and 64% for urine respectively using fast dot-ELISA test. Accordingly, the diagnostic accuracy for MAb sandwich ELISA in both serum and urine was higher 94.6% and 92.4% respectively compared to 74% and 70% by fast dot-ELISA test. As well, the sensitivity and specificity of FCA assay in serum and stool by MAb sandwich ELISA was 97.1% and 96% for serum and 94.3% and 98% for stool respectively compared to 74.3% and 70% respectively for serum samples only using fast dot-ELISA test. Accordingly, the diagnostic accuracy by MAb sandwich ELISA was higher 96.5% and 96.5% for serum and stool respectively compared to 71.8% for serum only by fast dot-ELISA test. It is concluded that the home-made monoclonal antibodies prepared at Immunology Department, TBRI against S. mansoni and F. gigantica antigens showed high sensitivity and specificity and accordingly high diagnostic accuracy using sandwich ELISA compared to available fast dot-ELISA kits. This indicates the importance of using MAb sandwich ELISA as a confirmatory test for false negative results in field screening by fast dot-ELISA test. [Faten M. Nagy; Ibrahim Rabia and Wafaa M. ELKersh. Home-made monoclonal antibody –based sandwich ELISA versus commercial fast dotELISA technique in the diagnosis of human schistosomiasis and fascioliasis. New York Science Journal 2010;3(11):89-97]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).

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