Scheme for implementing linear optical quantum iSWAP gate with conventional photon detectors

A simple scheme is proposed to implement a two-qubit linear optical quantum iSWAP gate that is a universal gate in quantum computation and quantum information processing. By the interference effect of the polarized photons, a quantum iSWAP gate can be achieved with a low success probability (η4/32, with η being the quantum efficiency of photon detectors). The scheme is based only on simple linear optical elements, a pair of two-photon polarization entangled states, and conventional photon detectors that only distinguish the vacuum and nonvacuum Fock number states, which greatly decreases the experimental difficulty of implementing linear optical quantum computation.

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