Depictive Secondary Predicates in German and English

AbstractThis paper contains a data discussion, which is an extension of earlierwork (Muller, 2002, 2004). The paper contains a sketch of an analysis ofdepicitve secondary predicates that preserves the merits of my earlier anal-ysis (Muller, 2004), but can be extended to languages like English, in whichadjuncts attach to complete verbal projectoins. 1 Introduction This paper deals with depictive secondary predicates, examples of which are givenin (1):(1) a. ErheisteatsdastheFleisch i meatroh i .rawb. Er i heisteatsdastheFleischmeatnackt i .nakedIn German, uninflected adjectives and prepositional phrase s may appear as depic-tive predicates, as the examples in (1) and (2) show.(2) IchIhabehaveihnhim(gestern)yesterdayimin.thedunklendarkAnzugsuitgetroffen. 1 met‘I met him in a dark suit yesterday.’Depictives say something about a state that holds for a participant of an eventduring the event.Depictives pattern with adjuncts in terms of Focus Projection (Winkler, 1997,p.310) and linearization in the so-called Mittelfeld (Muller, 2002, Chapter 4.1.4).To establish the predication relation between the depictive predicate and itsantecedent, Muller (2002) suggests a coindexing analysis, in which the subjectof the depictive is coindexed with an element of the argument structure of themodified verb. Since the depictive is not necessarily adjace nt to the verb and

[1]  Jane Simpson.  Depictives in English and Warlpiri , 2005 .

[2]  Stefan Müller,et al.  Deutsche Syntax deklarativ: Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar für das Deutsche , 1999 .

[3]  Jindrich Toman,et al.  The Case of German , 1985 .

[4]  Uriel Weinreich,et al.  On semantics , 1980 .

[5]  Stefan Müller,et al.  An analysis of depictive secondary predicates in German without discontinuous constituents , 2004, Proceedings of the International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar.

[6]  Hubert Haider,et al.  Deutsche Syntax : generativ : Vorstudien zur Theorie einer projektiven Grammatik , 1993 .

[7]  Stefan Müller,et al.  Zur Analyse der scheinbar mehrfachen Vorfeldbesetzung , 2005 .

[8]  Walt Detmar Meurers.  Raising Spirits (and assigning them case) , 1999 .

[9]  Gisbert Fanselow,et al.  Free Constituent Order: A Minimalist Interface Account , 2003 .

[10]  J. Jacobs.  DAS LEXIKALISCHE FUNDAMENT DER UNTERSCHEIDUNG VON OBLIGATORISCHEN UND FAKULTATIVEN ERGÄNZUNGEN , 1994 .

[11]  Arnim von Stechow,et al.  Bausteine syntaktischen Wissens , 1988 .

[12]  Ivan A. Sag,et al.  Book Reviews: Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar and German in Head-driven Phrase-structure Grammar , 1996, CL.

[13]  Susanne Winkler,et al.  Focus and secondary predication , 1996 .

[14]  Masatoshi Koizumi.  Secondary predicates , 1994 .

[15]  Stefan Müller.  Complex Predicates: Verbal Complexes, Resultative Constructions, and Particle Verbs in German , 2002 .

[16]  Gerhard Helbig,et al.  Deutsche Grammatik : ein Handbuch für den Ausländerunterricht , 2001 .

[17]  Dieter Wunderlich,et al.  Argument Extension by Lexical Adjunction , 1997, J. Semant..

[18]  H. Haider,et al.  Precedence among predicates , 1997 .

[19]  Noam Chomsky.  Knowledge of language: its nature, origin, and use , 1988 .

[20]  Stefan Müller,et al.  Zur Analyse der deutschen Satzstruktur , 2005 .

[21]  Noam Chomsky.  Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures , 1993 .

[22]  Susan Rothstein.  The Syntactic Forms of Predication , 2004 .

[23]  Susan Rothstein.  Predicates and Their Subjects , 2000 .

[24]  G. Grewendorf.  Ergativity in German , 1989 .

[25]  Dieter Wunderlich,et al.  Cross-linguistic patterns of resultatives , 1998 .

[26]  E. Keenan,et al.  Noun Phrase Accessibility and Universal Grammar , 2008 .

[27]  FRANS PLANK.  PRÄDIKATIV UND KOPRÄDIKATIV , 1985 .