Resource Productivity, Environmental Tax Reform and Sustainable Growth in Europe by

Environmental tax reform (ETR) is a shift in the target of taxation from ‘goods’ such as labour (e.g. income taxes, social security contributions) or capital (e.g. corporation taxes) to ‘bads’ (pollution, resource depletion). The objectives of ETR are to increase the efficiency of resource use, to improve the environment, and ultimately to increase human well-being through both economic and environmental pathways.

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