Voltage Control Architectures for the Universal Operation of DPGS

The future concept of universal operation embraces those distributed power generation systems (DPGS) capable of getting disconnected from the main grid to start operating within an island. Once the cause of disconnection is solved, the DPGS is able to resynchronize and reconnect with the grid. In these conditions, the universal operation can be successfully implemented through a voltage control. Voltage control is manly adopted in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and island applications. However, a study that solely focused on the universal operation is missing. The goal of this work is to help in the selection of the most suitable control structure as function of: 1) power dynamics, power quality, and robust stability in grid-connected; 2) voltage regulation and performance under local load steps in island mode; and 3) behavior during the reconnection with the grid. For that purpose, five architectures have been reviewed within a general mathematical framework and with experimental results.

[1]  F. Blaabjerg,et al.  Investigation and Improvement of Transient Response of DVR at Medium Voltage Level , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[2]  J. Doyle,et al.  Robust and optimal control , 1995, Proceedings of 35th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[3]  K.. De Brabandere,et al.  A Voltage and Frequency Droop Control Method for Parallel Inverters , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[4]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  Hybrid Voltage and Current Control Approach for DG-Grid Interfacing Converters With LCL filters , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[5]  Lennart Harnefors.  Implementation of Resonant Controllers and Filters in Fixed-Point Arithmetic , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  Control and Resonance Damping of Voltage-Source and Current-Source Converters With $LC$ Filters , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  John E. Quaicoe,et al.  Analysis and design of a multiple feedback loop control strategy for single-phase voltage-source UPS inverters , 1996 .

[8]  Ian Postlethwaite,et al.  Multivariable Feedback Control: Analysis and Design , 1996 .

[9]  Tzung-Lin Lee,et al.  Selective harmonic virtual impedance for voltage source inverters with LCL filter in microgrids , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[10]  Bill Rose,et al.  Microgrids , 2018, Smart Grids.

[11]  Donald Grahame Holmes,et al.  Stationary frame current regulation of PWM inverters with zero steady state error , 1999, 30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321).

[12]  Fang Zheng Peng,et al.  Control for Grid-Connected and Intentional Islanding Operations of Distributed Power Generation , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[13]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Mode Adaptive Droop Control With Virtual Output Impedances for an Inverter-Based Flexible AC Microgrid , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  Investigation and Active Damping of Multiple Resonances in a Parallel-Inverter-Based Microgrid , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[15]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  Analysis, Design, and Implementation of Virtual Impedance for Power Electronics Interfaced Distributed Generation , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[17]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  Generalized Closed-Loop Control Schemes with Embedded Virtual Impedances for Voltage Source Converters with LC or LCL Filters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[18]  Marco Liserre,et al.  A Survey of Control Issues in PMSG-Based Small Wind-Turbine Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[19]  N. Hatziargyriou,et al.  Making microgrids work , 2008, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[20]  T.C. Green,et al.  Energy Management in Autonomous Microgrid Using Stability-Constrained Droop Control of Inverters , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[21]  Poh Chiang Loh,et al.  A comparative analysis of multiloop voltage regulation strategies for single and three-phase UPS systems , 2003 .

[22]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Output impedance design of parallel-connected UPS inverters with wireless load-sharing control , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[23]  Leon M. Tolbert,et al.  Control and protection of power electronics interfaced distributed generation systems in a customer-driven microgrid , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[24]  Chris Marnay,et al.  Integration of distributed energy resources. The CERTS Microgrid Concept , 2002 .

[25]  A. TUSTIN,et al.  Automatic Control Systems , 1950, Nature.

[26]  Reza Iravani,et al.  Potential-Function Based Control of a Microgrid in Islanded and Grid-Connected Modes , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[27]  Mi-Ching Tsai,et al.  Robust and Optimal Control , 2014 .