Interleukin‐4 suppresses the interleukin‐3 dependent erythroid colony formation from normal human bone marrow cells

Human recombinant interleukin 4 (IL‐4) was studied for its effects on the erythroid burst forming unit (BFU‐E) from human bone marrow cells. IL‐4 alone neither supports nor suppresses the erythropoietin (Epo)‐dependent colony formation. Different results were obtained when IL‐4 was combined with interleukin‐3 (IL‐3) in the presence of Epo. IL‐4 suppressed the IL‐3 supported erythroid colony formation in all cases (an increase of 58 ± 8% with IL‐3 versus an increase of 14 ± 7% with IL‐3 plus IL‐4, n= 8). This antagonizing effect was dependent on the continuous presence of IL‐4 in the culture medium, but was independent of adherent cells. B‐, T‐cells, or the presence of serum in the culture medium. Finally, the effects of IL‐4 and IL‐3 were studied on the ‘Epo‐independent’BFU‐E by adding Epo on day 3. A decline of the IL‐3 supported BFU‐E was observed in the presence of IL‐4 but the degree of reduction was equivalent to the results obtained when Epo was supplied at day 0. These findings indicate that IL‐4 acts as suppressive growth factor for the IL‐3 supported erythroid colony formation from human bone marrow cells.

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