Extraction methods for preparation of bioactive plant extracts

Efficacy of plant extracts may in some cases be dependent on extraction efficiency. Screening the crude plant extracts for the desired bioactivity is among the most important operations in medicinal plant research, and extraction is the first crucial step of the process. To have a complete idea of bioactivity of crude extracts, it becomes necessary to optimize the extraction methodology, so as to achieve maximum possible extraction efficiency. The development of modern sample preparation techniques (such as microwave assisted extraction, ultrasonication assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, etc.) has brought significant advantages over conventional methods in terms of reduction in organic solvent consumption and in minimizing sample degradation.Present study aimed at comparing different extraction method with respect to their ability to extract antioxidant and antibacterial components from plant seeds. This work would be of interest to those who are working on Bioactive Plant Products, and Extraction Methods for their preparation.

[1]  John M. Walker.  Natural Products Isolation , 2005, Methods in Biotechnology.

[2]  K. Ghafoor,et al.  Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and anthocyanins from grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds. , 2009, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[4]  V. Kothari,et al.  Antioxidant activity of seed extracts of Annona squamosa and Carica papaya , 2010 .

[5]  Ken D Stark,et al.  The application of ultrasound energy to increase lipid extraction throughput of solid matrix samples (flaxseed). , 2009, Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids.

[6]  S. Abdullah,et al.  Ultrasonic Extraction of Oil from Monopterus albus: Effects of Different Ultrasonic Power, Solvent Volume and Sonication Time , 2010 .

[7]  V. Kothari,et al.  Comparative Study of Various Methods for Extraction of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Compounds from Plant Seeds , 2012 .

[8]  G. Jagetia,et al.  Influence of seed extract of Syzygium Cumini (Jamun) on mice exposed to different doses of gamma-radiation. , 2005, Journal of radiation research.

[9]  R. Pandey,et al.  Microwave assisted extraction for phytoconstituents - an overview. , 2009 .

[10]  P. Pavasant,et al.  Microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidative anthraquinones from roots of Morinda citrifolia , 2007 .

[11]  Y. Lim,et al.  Antioxidant properties of Hibiscus: species variation, altitudinal change, coastal influence and floral colour change. , 2009 .

[12]  Carmen W Huie,et al.  A review of modern sample-preparation techniques for the extraction and analysis of medicinal plants , 2002, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[13]  V. Kothari,et al.  In vitro antibacterial activity in seed extracts of Manilkara zapota, Anona squamosa, and Tamarindus indica. , 2010, Biological research.

[14]  Stefano Mantegna,et al.  UAE, MAE, SFE-CO2 and classical methods for the extraction of Mitragyna speciosa leaves. , 2012, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[15]  Michael Komaitis,et al.  Application of microwave-assisted extraction to the fast extraction of plant phenolic compounds , 2008, LWT - Food Science and Technology.

[16]  Huizhou Liu,et al.  Comparison of microwave-assisted extraction and conventional extraction techniques for the extraction of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge , 2002 .

[17]  Y. Vargas,et al.  International Congress on Ultrasonics, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, January 2009Ultrasonically assisted extraction of bioactive principles from Quillaja Saponaria Molina , 2010 .

[18]  Peter L. Douglas,et al.  Supercritical CO2 extraction of nimbin from neem seeds – an experimental study , 2001 .

[19]  S. Zuehlke,et al.  Comparison of methods for the exhaustive extraction of hypericins, flavonoids, and hyperforin from Hypericum perforatum L. , 2006, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[20]  Virendra K. Rathod,et al.  Extraction of vanillin from vanilla pods: A comparison study of conventional soxhlet and ultrasound assisted extraction , 2009 .

[21]  S. Chanda,et al.  Antibacterial Activity of Some Selected Indian Medicinal Flora , 2005 .

[22]  Hanqi Zhang,et al.  On-line continuous sampling dynamic microwave-assisted extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatographic separation for the determination of lignans in Wuweizi and naphthoquinones in Zicao. , 2012, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[23]  V. Camel,et al.  Recent extraction techniques for solid matrices-supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction: their potential and pitfalls. , 2001, The Analyst.

[24]  L. Gaete-Garretón,et al.  Ultrasonically enhanced extraction of bioactive principles from Quillaja Saponaria Molina. , 2011, Ultrasonics.

[25]  Janusz Pawliszyn,et al.  Solid phase microextraction : theory and practice , 1997 .

[26]  Somenath Mitra,et al.  Sample preparation techniques in analytical chemistry , 2003 .

[27]  Hongyan Li,et al.  microwave-assisted extraction of phenolics with maximal antioxidant activities in tomatoes , 2012 .

[28]  W. Evans.  Chapter 17 – General methods associated with the phytochemical investigation of herbal products , 2009 .

[29]  M F Balandrin,et al.  Natural plant chemicals: sources of industrial and medicinal materials. , 1985, Science.

[30]  Jianhua Wang,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted extraction of five isoflavones from Iris tectorum Maxim , 2011, Separation and Purification Technology.

[31]  R. M. Kumar,et al.  Anti-inflammatory activity of Syzygium cumini seed , 2008 .

[32]  F. Chau,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted extraction of ginseng saponins from ginseng roots and cultured ginseng cells. , 2001, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[33]  Rohit Upadhyay,et al.  Microwave-assisted extraction of chlorogenic acids from green coffee beans. , 2012 .

[34]  A. Kumar,et al.  Central Nervous System Activity of Syzygium cumini Seed , 2007 .

[35]  Sang Kook Lee,et al.  Ultrasonication-assisted extraction of resveratrol from grapes , 2006 .

[36]  L. O. Pordesimo,et al.  High intensity ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from soybeans , 2004 .

[37]  Béatrice Kaufmann,et al.  Recent extraction techniques for natural products: microwave-assisted extraction and pressurised solvent extraction. , 2002, Phytochemical analysis : PCA.

[38]  C. Leonelli,et al.  Microwave and ultrasonic processing: Now a realistic option for industry , 2010 .

[39]  Xiaochun Wan,et al.  Impact of ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the chemical and sensory quality of tea infusion , 2006 .

[40]  Geoff Lacey,et al.  Appendices : Table 1 , 2004 .

[41]  Yogesh Mohan,et al.  Microwave Assisted Extraction-An Innovative and Promising Extraction Tool for Medicinal Plant Research , 2007 .

[42]  R. S. Mohameda,et al.  The use of supercritical fluid extraction technology in food processing , 2003 .

[43]  S. Hemalatha,et al.  Microwave assisted extraction of curcumin by sample-solvent dual heating mechanism using Taguchi L9 orthogonal design. , 2008, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.

[44]  Russell J. Mumper,et al.  Plant Phenolics: Extraction, Analysis and Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties , 2010, Molecules.

[45]  Arthur I. Vogel,et al.  Vogel's Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis , 1989 .

[46]  Iolanda De Marco,et al.  Supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation of natural matter , 2006 .

[47]  P. Et.Al.  Laboratory Handbook For The Fractionation Of Natural Extracts , 2011 .

[48]  Alejandro Cifuentes,et al.  Supercritical fluid extraction: Recent advances and applications. , 2010, Journal of chromatography. A.

[49]  H. Budzinski,et al.  Microwave assisted extraction of organic compounds , 1999 .

[50]  V. Kothari.  Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction of Annona squamosa Seeds , 2009 .

[51]  V. Kothari.  Screening of various plant products extracts for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and to inv , 2010 .

[52]  J. R.W. Woittiez,et al.  Sampling and sample preparation , 2007 .

[53]  S. Mastan,et al.  Anti-arthritic property of the methanolic extract of Syzygium cumini seeds , 2008 .

[54]  G. A. Matthews.  Natural pesticides from the neem tree and other tropical plants: ed. by H. Schmutterer and K. R. S. Ascher. ISBN 3-88085-372-X. Eschborn, Germany: GTZ. 1987, 703 pp. , 1989 .

[55]  Daciana Ciocan,et al.  PLANT PRODUCTS AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS , 2007 .

[56]  Ultrasonic Comparative Assessment for Biodiesel Production from Rapeseed , 2010 .

[57]  R. Kadkhodaee,et al.  ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM SAFFRON , 2007 .

[58]  R. S. Mohamed,et al.  The use of supercritical fluid extraction technology in food processing , 2002 .

[59]  P. Houghton,et al.  Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts , 1998, Springer US.

[60]  C. Rempel,et al.  Effect of Operating Parameters on Oil and Phenolic Extraction Using Supercritical CO2 , 2010 .

[61]  J. Harborne.  Natural pesticides from the neem tree and other tropical Plants : edited by H. Schmutterer and K. R. S. Ascher, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, Eschborn, Germany, 1988. 703 pp. no price given. , 1989 .

[62]  何潮洪,et al.  Ultrasonically Assisted Extraction of Isoflavones from Stem of Pueraria lobata （Willd.） Ohwi and Its Mathematical Model , 2007 .

[63]  Robert C. Reid,et al.  SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION. , 1983 .