Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy by Dispersive Wave Generations in a Polarization Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber

The polarization maintaining photonic crystal flber (PM- PCF) with two zero dispersion wavelengths is designed and fabricated by the improved stack-and-draw technology in our laboratory. The broadband blue-shifted and red-shifted dispersive waves (DWs) are e-ciently generated from soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) along the slow axis of PM-PCF. By optimizing the pump parameters and the flber length, the polarized DWs centered in the normal dispersion region can be used as the pump and Stokes pulses for the high resolution coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the widely tunable relevant CARS wavelengths can be obtained by adjusting the pump wavelength. The CARS microscopy based on DWs can flnd important applications in detecting the biological and chemical samples with the C = N, S-H, C-H, and O-H stretch vibration resonances of 2100 to 2400cm i1 , 2500 to 2650cm i1 , 2700 to 3000cm i1 , and 3000 to 3750cm i1 .

[1]  Esben Ravn Andresen,et al.  Broadband multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy employing photonic-crystal fibers , 2005 .

[2]  Fetah Benabid,et al.  Widely tunable femtosecond solitonic radiation in photonic crystal fiber cladding , 2010 .

[3]  H. Tam,et al.  Optical Properties of Photonic Crystal Fibers with a Fiber Core of Arrays of Subwavelength Circular Air Holes: Birefringence and Dispersion , 2010 .

[4]  J. Thøgersen,et al.  Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy with a photonic crystal fiber based light source , 2003, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2003. CLEO '03..

[5]  Andrew Ridsdale,et al.  Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy using photonic crystal fiber with two closely lying zero dispersion wavelengths. , 2007, Optics express.

[6]  Frédéric Zolla,et al.  Numerical and Theoretical Study of Photonic Crystal Fibers , 2003 .

[7]  Cesar Jauregui,et al.  All-fiber laser source for CARS microscopy based on fiber optical parametric frequency conversion. , 2012, Optics express.

[8]  Pernille Klarskov,et al.  Supercontinuum generation for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy with photonic crystal fibers. , 2011, Optics express.

[9]  R. Buczyński.  Photonic Crystal Fibers , 2004 .

[10]  Chongxiu Yu,et al.  Highly Efficient and Broadband Cherenkov Radiation at the Visible Wavelength in the Fundamental Mode of Photonic Crystal Fiber , 2011, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[11]  Chongxiu Yu,et al.  Efficient red-shifted dispersive wave in a photonic crystal fiber for widely tunable mid-infrared wavelength generation , 2013 .

[12]  J. Dudley,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber , 2006 .

[13]  Chester Shu,et al.  Depolarization technique for wavelength conversion using four-wave mixing in a dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber. , 2005, Optics express.

[14]  D J Richardson,et al.  Towards efficient and broadband four-wave-mixing using short-length dispersion tailored lead silicate holey fibers. , 2007, Optics express.

[15]  A. Zheltikov,et al.  Diffraction-arrested soliton self-frequency shift of few-cycle laser pulses in a photonic-crystal fiber. , 2006, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[16]  Laurent Michaille,et al.  Optimisation of high average power optical parametric generation using a photonic crystal fiber. , 2008, Optics express.

[17]  A. Zheltikov,et al.  Mode-selective mapping and control of vectorial nonlinear-optical processes in multimode photonic-crystal fibers. , 2006, Optics express.

[18]  L. Provino,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in air–silica microstructured fibers with nanosecond and femtosecond pulse pumping , 2002 .

[19]  Tak W. Kee,et al.  Simple approach to one-laser, broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. , 2004, Optics letters.

[20]  E. Ippen,et al.  Highly nondegenerate femtosecond four-wave mixing in tapered microstructure fiber , 2002 .

[21]  A. A. Lanin,et al.  Coherent anti-Stokes Raman metrology of phonons powered by photonic-crystal fibers. , 2010, Optics letters.

[22]  M D Duncan,et al.  Scanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman microscope. , 1982, Optics letters.

[23]  Timothy A. Birks,et al.  Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers and optical fiber tapers: a novel light source , 2002 .

[24]  Jonathan C. Knight,et al.  Photonic crystal fibres , 2003, Nature.

[25]  Simon Lefrancois,et al.  Fiber four-wave mixing source for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. , 2012, Optics letters.

[26]  Kunimasa Saitoh,et al.  Highly nonlinear dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fibers for supercontinuum generation in a telecommunication window. , 2004, Optics express.

[27]  Conor L Evans,et al.  Coherent anti-stokes raman scattering spectral interferometry: determination of the real and imaginary components of nonlinear susceptibility chi(3) for vibrational microscopy. , 2004, Optics letters.

[28]  Andrei B. Fedotov,et al.  Spectral transformation of megawatt femtosecond optical pulses in large-mode-area high-index-step photonic-crystal fibers , 2007 .

[29]  J. Taylor,et al.  Ten years of nonlinear optics in photonic crystal fibre , 2009 .

[30]  R. Leonhardt,et al.  White-light supercontinuum generation with 60-ps pump pulses in a photonic crystal fiber. , 2001, Optics letters.

[31]  X. Xie,et al.  Polarization coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. , 2001, Optics letters.