Thinned Coprime Array for Second-Order Difference Co-Array Generation With Reduced Mutual Coupling

In this work, we present a new coprime array structure termed thinned coprime array (TCA), which exploits the redundancy in the structure of existing coprime array and achieves the same virtual aperture and degrees of freedom (DOFs) as the conventional coprime array with much fewer number of sensors. In comparison to other sparse arrays, thinned coprime arrays possess more unique lags (total number of difference co-arrays) than the nested arrays, while the number of consecutive lags (connected co-arrays) generated is close to 75% of the consecutive lags of the nested arrays with hole-free co-arrays. The resulting structure is much sparser and the number of sensor pairs with small separation is significantly reduced. Theoretical properties and proofs are provided and simulations are presented to demonstrate its robustness against heavy levels of mutual coupling using compressive sensing based direction of arrival estimation as well as certain additional desirable characteristics.

[1]  Wei Cui,et al.  Extension of Co-Prime Arrays Based on the Fourth-Order Difference Co-Array Concept , 2016, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[2]  Hao Zhou,et al.  Generalized Nested Array: Optimization for Degrees of Freedom and Mutual Coupling , 2018, IEEE Communications Letters.

[3]  M. Ishiguro.  Minimum redundancy linear arrays for a large number of antennas , 1980 .

[4]  P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Coprime sampling and the music algorithm , 2011, 2011 Digital Signal Processing and Signal Processing Education Meeting (DSP/SPE).

[5]  C. Burrus,et al.  Array Signal Processing , 1989 .

[6]  Arye Nehorai,et al.  Improved Source Number Detection and Direction Estimation With Nested Arrays and ULAs Using Jackknifing , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[7]  Arye Nehorai,et al.  Wideband Gaussian Source Processing Using a Linear Nested Array , 2013, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[8]  John R. Buck,et al.  Spatial Spectral Estimation with Product Processing of a Pair of Colinear Arrays , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[9]  Ioannis G. Tollis,et al.  Difference bases and sparse sensor arrays , 1993, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[10]  I. Gupta,et al.  Effect of mutual coupling on the performance of adaptive arrays , 1983 .

[11]  Moeness G. Amin,et al.  DOA estimation with co-prime arrays in the presence of mutual coupling , 2015, 2015 23rd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO).

[12]  M. Skolnik,et al.  Introduction to Radar Systems , 2021, Advances in Adaptive Radar Detection and Range Estimation.

[13]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Remarks on the Spatial Smoothing Step in Coarray MUSIC , 2015, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[14]  R. O. Schmidt,et al.  Multiple emitter location and signal Parameter estimation , 1986 .

[15]  G.S. Bloom,et al.  Applications of numbered undirected graphs , 1977, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[16]  Anthony J. Weiss,et al.  Direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling , 1991 .

[17]  Visa Koivunen,et al.  Sparse linear nested array for active sensing , 2017, 2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO).

[18]  Wei Cui,et al.  Extension of nested arrays with the fourth-order difference co-array enhancement , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP).

[19]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Nested Arrays: A Novel Approach to Array Processing With Enhanced Degrees of Freedom , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[20]  Ahsan Raza,et al.  Thinned coprime arrays for DOA estimation , 2017, 2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO).

[21]  Shiwei Ren,et al.  Augmented Nested Arrays With Enhanced DOF and Reduced Mutual Coupling , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[22]  Lei Sun,et al.  A New Nested MIMO Array With Increased Degrees of Freedom and Hole-Free Difference Coarray , 2018, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[23]  T. Svantesson,et al.  Mutual coupling compensation using subspace fitting , 2000, Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop. SAM 2000 (Cat. No.00EX410).

[24]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Super Nested Arrays: Linear Sparse Arrays With Reduced Mutual Coupling—Part I: Fundamentals , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[25]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Super Nested Arrays: Linear Sparse Arrays With Reduced Mutual Coupling—Part II: High-Order Extensions , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[26]  Thomas Svantesson,et al.  Modeling and estimation of mutual coupling in a uniform linear array of dipoles , 1999, 1999 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Proceedings. ICASSP99 (Cat. No.99CH36258).

[27]  P. P. Vaidyanathan,et al.  Sparse Sensing With Co-Prime Samplers and Arrays , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[28]  John R Buck,et al.  Comparing the effect of aperture extension on the peak sidelobe level of sparse arrays. , 2017, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[29]  Siliang Wu,et al.  Underdetermined DOA Estimation Under the Compressive Sensing Framework: A Review , 2016, IEEE Access.

[30]  Braham Himed,et al.  Sparsity-based DOA estimation using co-prime arrays , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing.

[31]  Yimin Zhang,et al.  Generalized Coprime Array Configurations for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[32]  Wei Cui,et al.  Low-Complexity Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Based on Wideband Co-Prime Arrays , 2015, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.

[33]  A. Moffet.  Minimum-redundancy linear arrays , 1968 .