Two new naturally occurring compounds, celaenodendrolide I{1}, a picrotoxane type of terpenoid, and ellagic acid-4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside-3,3'-dimethyl ether {3} were isolated from the stem bark of Celaenodendron mexicanum (Euphorbiaceae). Friedelin, friedelan-3β-ol, dihydroisohyenanchin, and (-)-(2S,4R)-1-methyl-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid were also obtained. The structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic evidence