Prevalence and Characteristics of Pediatric Healthcare Workers without Immunity to Varicella zoster Virus.

This study aimed to determine the proportion of varicella non-immune pediatric healthcare workers (HCWs) of the Pediatrics Department of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and to determine cost-effective strategies for identifying non-immune personnel. A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire to determine HCWs' histories of chickenpox or 2-dose varicella vaccination was conducted. From a total of 699 HCWs, 653 HCWs (93%), including 145 physicians (22%), 297 nurses (46%), and 211 administrative staff (32%), responded to questionnaires. There were 475 HCWs (73%) who had a history of chickenpox, 58 (9%) who had completed the 2-dose varicella vaccine schedule, and 120 (18%) whose varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunity status was uncertain. In total, 107 HCWs (89%) were tested for VZV IgG, 90 of whom had immunity, and 17 were determined to be non-immune. After combining history and VZV IgG test results, the prevalence of non-immune HCWs was 2.6% (95%CI 1.4-3.8), with those ≤40 years of age at higher risk of non-immunity. Implementing a strategy that involves testing of only those with an unknown VZV status and vaccination for only those determined to be non-immune costs 1,801 United States dollar (USD), less than the total cost (4,601 USD) for vaccinating all HCWs with uncertain status.

[1]  D. Fisher,et al.  Varicella seroprevalence in healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital: an audit of cross-sectional data , 2015, BMC Research Notes.

[2]  P. Vanhems,et al.  Vaccination of healthcare workers: A review , 2015, Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics.

[3]  S. Park,et al.  Varicella seroprevalence among health care workers in Korea: validity of self-reported history and cost-effectiveness of prevaccination screening. , 2014, American journal of infection control.

[4]  N. Nishimura,et al.  Seroprevalence survey on measles, mumps, rubella and varicella antibodies in healthcare workers in Japan: sex, age, occupational-related differences and vaccine efficacy , 2013, Epidemiology and Infection.

[5]  E. Alp,et al.  Prevaccination screening of health-care workers for immunity to measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in a developing country: What do we save? , 2012, Journal of infection and public health.

[6]  C.-E. Liu,et al.  Varicella zoster virus infection among healthcare workers in Taiwan: seroprevalence and predictive value of history of varicella infection. , 2012, The Journal of hospital infection.

[7]  E. Alp,et al.  Prevaccination screening of health care workers for immunity to measles, rubella, mumps and varicella in a developing country. What do we save? , 2011, BMC Proceedings.

[8]  A. Apisarnthanarak,et al.  Outbreak of Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection Among Thai Healthcare Workers , 2007, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[9]  Y. Lerman,et al.  Cost-effectiveness of varicella vaccination of healthcare workers. , 2005, Vaccine.

[10]  Y. Hutagalung,et al.  Effect of climatic factors and population density on varicella zoster virus epidemiology within a tropical country. , 2001, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[11]  M. Wharton,et al.  Varicella mortality: trends before vaccine licensure in the United States, 1970-1994. , 2000, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[12]  Lee Bw Review of varicella zoster seroepidemiology in India and South‐east Asia , 1998 .

[13]  Lee Review of varicella zoster seroepidemiology in India and South‐east Asia , 1998, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

[14]  L. Grohskopf,et al.  Immunization of health-care personnel: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). , 2011, MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports.