Adaptive Technique for Underwater Acoustic Communication

Compared with the electromagnetic wave channel, the UWA (Underwater Acoustic) channel is characterized by large transmission delay, transmission loss increased with distance and frequency, serious multi-path effect, and remarkable Doppler Effect. These characteristics greatly influence the performance of UWA communication, and restrict channel capacity. Performance of UWA communication is far away from telecommunication, even if employ the similar techniques. Especially, available bandwidth is limited by spread distance because transmission loss increases with longer range distance. For example, the bandwidth for 5 km is 10 kHz whereas the bandwidth for 80 km is only 500Hz. For constant data rate, the bandwidth is confined by maximum working range and worst channel environment, so the utilization ratio of channel is very low. Besides the reasonable modulation model and advanced signal processing method which improves the detection performance of the receiver, the most fundamental way for reliable communication is adaptive modulation which greatly improves utilization ratio of bandwidth.

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