Complexity-aware-normalised mean squared error 'CAN' metric for dimension estimation of memory polynomial-based power amplifiers behavioural models

The memory polynomial model is widely used for the behavioural modelling of radio-frequency non-linear power amplifiers having memory effects. One challenging task related to this model is the selection of its dimension which is defined by the non-linearity order and the memory depth. This study presents an approach suitable for the selection of the model dimension in memory polynomial-based power amplifiers’ behavioural models. The proposed approach uses a hybrid criterion that takes into account the model accuracy and its complexity. The proposed technique is tested on two memory polynomial-based behavioural models. Experimental validation carried out using experimental data of two Doherty power amplifiers, built using different transistor technologies and tested with two different signals, illustrates consistent advantages of the proposed technique as it significantly reduces the model dimension by more than 60% without compromising its accuracy.

[1]  Borhanuddin Mohd Ali,et al.  Power amplifier linearisation scheme to mitigate superfluous radiations and suppress adjacent channel interference , 2014, IET Commun..

[2]  F.M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Augmented hammerstein predistorter for linearization of broad-band wireless transmitters , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[3]  F.M. Ghannouchi,et al.  A Compact Envelope-Memory Polynomial for RF Transmitters Modeling With Application to Baseband and RF-Digital Predistortion , 2008, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[4]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Look-up table-based digital predistorter implementation for field programmable gate arrays using long-term evolution signals with 60 mhz bandwidth , 2012 .

[5]  Sergio Cruces,et al.  Behavioral Modeling and Predistortion of Power Amplifiers Under Sparsity Hypothesis , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[6]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Lattice-based memory polynomial predistorter for wideband radio frequency power amplifiers , 2014, IET Commun..

[7]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Digital Predistortion of LTE-A Power Amplifiers Using Compressed-Sampling-Based Unstructured Pruning of Volterra Series , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[8]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  An Accurate Complexity-Reduced “PLUME” Model for Behavioral Modeling and Digital Predistortion of RF Power Amplifiers , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[9]  J.C. Pedro,et al.  Pruning the Volterra Series for Behavioral Modeling of Power Amplifiers Using Physical Knowledge , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[10]  Gaoming Xu,et al.  Generalized Two-Box Cascaded Nonlinear Behavioral Model for Radio Frequency Power Amplifiers With Strong Memory Effects , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[11]  Carlos Crespo-Cadenas,et al.  Low-frequency nonlinear memory effects in M-ary QAM communications systems , 2012 .

[12]  F.M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Twin Nonlinear Two-Box Models for Power Amplifiers and Transmitters Exhibiting Memory Effects With Application to Digital Predistortion , 2009, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[13]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Identification of true-static predistorter using a sine wave and accurate quantification of memory effects in broadband wireless transmitters , 2011, IET Commun..

[14]  Bo Ai,et al.  Two-dimensional indexing polynomial-based pre-distorter for power amplifiers with memory effects , 2008, IET Commun..

[15]  F. Raab,et al.  Power amplifiers and transmitters for RF and microwave , 2002 .

[16]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Metrics and Methods for Benchmarking of RF Transmitter Behavioral Models With Application to the Development of a Hybrid Memory Polynomial Model , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[17]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  New order selection technique using information criteria applied to SISO and MIMO systems predistortion , 2013 .

[18]  Jungsang Kim,et al.  Digital predistortion of wideband signals based on power amplifier model with memory , 2001 .

[19]  Jaehyeong Kim,et al.  A Generalized Memory Polynomial Model for Digital Predistortion of RF Power Amplifiers , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[20]  F.M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Behavioral modeling and predistortion , 2009, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[21]  F.M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Design Optimization and DPD Linearization of GaN-Based Unsymmetrical Doherty Power Amplifiers for 3G Multicarrier Applications , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[22]  Vincenzo Lottici,et al.  Efficient digital predistortion in radio relay links with nonlinear power amplifiers , 2000 .

[23]  Abdolali Abdipour,et al.  Statistical modelling of a non-linear high-power amplifier with memory in multi-input-multi-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems , 2014, IET Commun..

[24]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Generalised twin-box model for compensation of transmitters radio frequency impairments , 2014, IET Commun..

[25]  Sheng Chen,et al.  Using zero-norm constraint for sparse probability density function estimation , 2012, Int. J. Syst. Sci..