On the theory of cisk

Theories for the cooperative interaction between cumulus convection and a developing cyclonic vortex proposed independently by Ooyama and by Charney and Eliassen in the early 1960s are re‐examined in the light of recent studies and recent criticisms. It is suggested that the criticisms have sidestepped the concept of cooperative intensification as envisaged by Ooyama. However, a later, but much neglected, contention by Ooyama is supported: this is that the linear theories worked out by Charney and Eliassen and others are, in themselves, physically illfounded. the relationship between Ooyama's cooperative intensification theory and the recent theory of Emanuel based on Wind‐Induced Surface Heat Exchange (WISHE) is also discussed. the main difference between these two theories appears to be the degree of emphasis placed by the respective authors on the relative importance of convection and surface fluxes in the intensification of hurricanes.

[1]  J. Holton.  An introduction to dynamic meteorology , 2004 .

[2]  Kerry A. Emanuel,et al.  The Behavior of a Simple Hurricane Model Using a Convective Scheme Based on Subcloud-Layer Entropy Equilibrium , 1995 .

[3]  K. Fraedrich,et al.  Large-Scale Convective Instability Revisited. , 1995 .

[4]  K. Fraedrich,et al.  CISK: A theory for the response of tropical convective complexes to variations in sea surface temperature , 1995 .

[5]  David J. Raymond,et al.  Cumulus convection and the Madden-Julian oscillation of the tropical troposphere , 1994 .

[6]  Kerry Emanuel,et al.  On large-scale circulations in convecting atmospheres , 1994 .

[7]  I. N. James,et al.  Introduction to circulating atmospheres: Index , 1994 .

[8]  J. Molinari,et al.  Parameterization of Convective Precipitation in Mesoscale Numerical Models: A Critical Review , 1992 .

[9]  L. J. Shapiro.  Hurricane vortex motion and evolution in a three-layer model , 1992 .

[10]  K. Emanuel.  The Finite-Amplitude Nature of Tropical Cyclogenesis , 1989 .

[11]  W. Frank,et al.  A Numerical Study of Lapse-Rate Adjustments in the Tropical Atmosphere , 1989 .

[12]  Kerry Emanuel,et al.  Is the Tropical Atmosphere Conditionally Unstable , 1989 .

[13]  K. Emanuel,et al.  An Air–Sea Interaction Theory for Tropical Cyclones. Part II: Evolutionary Study Using a Nonhydrostatic Axisymmetric Numerical Model , 1987 .

[14]  Kerry Emanuel,et al.  An Air-Sea Interaction Theory for Tropical Cyclones. Part I: Steady-State Maintenance , 1986 .

[15]  W. Frank,et al.  The Cumulus Parameterization Problem , 1983 .

[16]  A. Betts.  Saturation Point Analysis of Moist Convective Overturning , 1982 .

[17]  H. Hawkins,et al.  The Structure of a Small, Intense Hurricane—Inez 1966 , 1976 .

[18]  J. Bates.  A Generalization of the CISK Theory , 1973 .

[19]  K. Emanuel,et al.  The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models , 1993 .

[20]  Kerry A. Emanuel,et al.  The Theory of Hurricanes , 1991 .

[21]  Katsuyuki V. Ooyama,et al.  Conceptual Evolution of the Theory and Modeling of the Tropical Cyclone , 1982 .

[22]  J. G. Charney,et al.  Planetary Fluid Dynamics , 1973 .

[23]  K. Ooyama,et al.  Numerical Simulation of the Life Cycle of Tropical Cyclones , 1969 .

[24]  J. G. Charney,et al.  On the Growth of the Hurricane Depression , 1964 .

[25]  Douglas K. Lilly,et al.  ON THE THEORY OF DISTURBANCES IN A CONDITIONALLY UNSTABLE ATMOSPHERE , 1960 .