Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy: Measuring and Compensating Electrostatic Forces

Introduction.- I. Technical Aspects.- Experimental technique and working modes.- Phase Modulation Kelvin Probe Microscopy.- Data interpretation, spatial resolution and deconvolution.- Contribution of the numerical approach to Kelvin probe force microscopies.- Quantum mechanical simulations of electrostatic tip-sample interactions.- II. Selected Applications.- Surface properties of III-V semiconductors.- Electronic surface properties of semiconductors devices.- Optoelectronic studies of solar cells.- Electrical characterization of low dimensional systems (quantum/nano-structures).- Electronic structure of molecular assemblies.- KPFM for biochemical analysis.- Local work function analysis of photo catalysts.- Kelvin probe force microscopy with atomic resolution.- Summary.