Methods—PETLION: Open-Source Software for Millisecond-Scale Porous Electrode Theory-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Simulations

This article presents PETLION, which is an open-source, high-performance computing implementation of the porous electrode theory (PET) model in Julia. A typical runtime for a dynamic simulation of full charge or discharge is 3 ms on a laptop while allocating about 1 MB of total memory, and the software is seen to be two orders of magnitude faster than comparable software for some applications. At moderate spatial resolutions, the computation times are similar to those of reduced-order and reformulated models in the literature. Multiple numerical solvers and methods for their initialization are compared in terms of numerical convergence and computational times, for a wide variety of operating conditions. PETLION is shown to quickly and robustly simulate complex battery protocols such as the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT), and to achieve high performance when incorporated into real-time PET-based nonlinear model predictive control. © 2021 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License (CC BYNC-ND, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is not changed in any way and is properly cited. For permission for commercial reuse, please email: permissions@ioppublishing.org. [DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac201c]

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