The Influence of Task Type and Designated Leaders on Developmental Patterns in Groups

The purpose of this research was to explore developmental patterns in groups with and withoutformal leaders and with different tasks. Six groups operating within a group relations conference participated in the study. In general, the groups were found to be more alike than diferent in tenms of developmentalpatterms across or within sessions. Where differences did occur group duration, rather than task type orthe presence orabsence of designated leaders, seemed to accountfor those diferences.

[1]  R. Mann.  The Development of the Member-Trainer Relationship in Self-analytic Groups , 1966 .

[2]  Serge Moscovici,et al.  Perspectives on minority influence: Innovation and minority influence , 1985 .

[3]  E. Schein.  The Role of the Founder in Creating Organizational Culture , 1983 .

[4]  William Remus,et al.  Does Adding a Formal Leader Improve the Performance of a Team in a Business Simulation? , 1991 .

[5]  S. Wheelan,et al.  Differences in male and female patterns of communication in groups: A methodological artifact? , 1992 .

[6]  M. Seligman,et al.  Verbal Behavior in therapist-led, leaderless, and alternating group psychotherapy sessions. , 1969 .

[7]  Dorothy Irene Marquart,et al.  Group Problem Solving , 1955 .

[8]  Mario von Cranach,et al.  Leadership as a Function of Group Action , 1986 .

[9]  H. P. Sims,et al.  Searching for the “Unleader”: Organizational Member Views on Leading Self-Managed Groups , 1984 .

[10]  Kenneth N. Cissna.  Phases in Group Development , 1984 .

[11]  B. Tuckman.  DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE IN SMALL GROUPS. , 1965, Psychological bulletin.

[12]  G. Gibbard,et al.  The Oedipal Paradigm in Group Development , 1973 .

[13]  F. Kline.  Terminating a leaderless group. , 1974, International journal of group psychotherapy.

[14]  Don Davies,et al.  Developmental Arrestations in Self-Analytic Groups , 1986 .

[15]  B. Tuckman,et al.  Stages of Small-Group Development Revisited , 1977 .

[16]  A. Alonso,et al.  Handling the absence of group leaders: to meet or not to meet. , 1984, International journal of group psychotherapy.

[17]  Dexter Dunphy,et al.  Phases, Roles, and Myths in Self-Analytic Groups , 1968 .

[18]  D. C. Lundgren.  Trainer Style and Patterns of Group Development , 1971 .

[19]  C. Mitchell,et al.  Uses of the self-run group in a child-guidance setting. , 1980, International journal of group psychotherapy.

[20]  H. Salzberg.  Verbal behavior in group psychotherapy with and without a therapist. , 1967 .

[21]  W. Bennis,et al.  A Theory of Group Development , 1956 .

[22]  Sequential Stages of Development in Sensitivity Training Groups , 1978 .

[23]  Eric Trist,et al.  Collaboration in Work Settings: A Personal Perspective , 1977 .

[24]  S. Wheelan,et al.  Developmental Patterns in Small and Large Groups , 1993 .

[25]  S. Wheelan,et al.  The Role of Informal Member Leaders in a System Containing Formal Leaders , 1996 .

[26]  M. Farrell,et al.  Patterns in the Development of Self-Analytic Groups , 1976 .

[27]  S. Wheelan,et al.  The Emergence, Transmission, and Acceptance of Themes in a Temporary System of Interacting Groups , 1993 .

[28]  M. Seligman,et al.  The leaderless group phenomenon: a historical perspective. , 1975, International journal of group psychotherapy.

[29]  W. Hunt,et al.  History and analysis of a leaderless group of professional therapists. , 1975, The American journal of psychiatry.

[30]  S. Wheelan,et al.  Developmental Patterns in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Groups , 1992 .

[31]  R. Conyne,et al.  Programmed Groups , 1977 .