High Seroprevalence of Respiratory Pathogens in Hobby Poultry

SUMMARY Seroprevalence studies on respiratory pathogens have been done extensively in commercial laying hens, broilers, and, to a lesser extent, backyard poultry. In Europe, seroprevalence studies in backyard and fancy breed poultry flocks are scarce and limited to a few pathogens, such as Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG); others, such as Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT), are missing. A commercial ELISA for detection of antibodies against six selected pathogens was performed on 460 serum samples from chickens across Flanders. Anti-ORT antibodies were, by far, the most prevalent, with a prevalence of 95.4%. Infectious bronchitis virus, Mycoplasma synoviae, and avian metapneumovirus antibodies were found in 75.6%, 76.3%, and 63.5% of the animals, respectively. Antibodies against MG and infectious laryngotracheitis virus were found in 36.7% and 30% of the animals, respectively. These data demonstrate the high seroprevalence of respiratory pathogens among hobby poultry; therefore, it is possible that this group could act as a reservoir for commercially kept poultry. RESUMEN Nota de investigación- Alta seroprevalencia de patógenos respiratorios en avicultura recreativa. Se han realizado amplios estudios de seroprevalencia de patógenos respiratorios en gallinas de postura, en pollo de engorde comerciales y en menor medida, en aves de traspatio. En Europa, los estudios de seroprevalencia en parvadas de aves de traspatio y en aves de razas finas son escasos y limitados a unos pocos patógenos, como Mycoplasma gallisepticum y no existen disponibles reportes dirigidos a otros patógenos como Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. Se llevó a cabo un estudio serológico con un estuche comercial de ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos contra seis patógenos seleccionados en 460 muestras de suero de pollos en toda el área de Flandes. Los anticuerpos contra Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale fueron los más frecuentes, con una prevalencia del 95.4%. Los anticuerpos contra el virus de la bronquitis infecciosa, Mycoplasma synoviae, y metapneumovirus aviar se encontraron en 75.6%, 76.3% y 63.5% de los animales, respectivamente. Se encontraron anticuerpos contra el virus de la laringotraqueitis infecciosa y contra Mycoplasma gallisepticum en 36.7% y 30% de los animales, respectivamente. Estos datos demuestran la alta seroprevalencia de patógenos respiratorios en la avicultura recreativa; por lo tanto, es posible que este grupo podría actuar como un reservorio para las aves mantenidas bajo condiciones comerciales.

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