Soil water content monitoring using electromagnetic induction

The use of electromagnetic (EM) induction measurements was evaluated to predict water content in the upper 1.50 m of a prototype engineered barrier soil profile designed for waste containment. Water content was monitored with a neutron probe, and bulk soil electrical conductivity was monitored with a Geonics EM38 ground conductivity meter at ten locations at approximately monthly intervals over a three-year period. A simple linear regression model accurately predicted average volumetric water content of the profile at any location at any time (R2=0.80,σ=0.009) and spatially averaged volumetric water content over the entire area at any time (R2=0.99,σ=0.003). Although some temporal drift was present in the model residual values, the impact on predicted water content was negligible. Therefore, once the model is calibrated with the neutron probe over a sufficient range of water contents, further neutron probe measurements may not be necessary. EM induction has several advantages over traditional water conten...

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