Architecture et protocoles applicatifs pour la chorégraphie de services dans l'Internet des objets. (Architecture and application protocols for services choreography in the Internet of things)

Les defis que l'Internet des objets posent sont a la mesure des transformations que cette technologie est susceptible d'entrainer dans notre rapport quotidien a notre environnement. Nos propres objets, et des milliards d'autres, disposeront de capacites de traitement des donnees et de connexion au reseau, certes limitees mais effectives. Alors, ces objets se doteront d'une dimension numerique, et deviendront accessibles d'un facon tout a fait nouvelle. Ce n'est pas seulement la promesse d'un acces original a l'objet, mais bel et bien l'avenement d'une nouvelle perception et interaction avec ce qui nous entoure. Les applications de l'Informatique ubiquitaire utiliseront majoritairement les interactions entre objets, et la somme de leurs actions/reactions offrira une veritable valeur ajoutee. Mais l'heterogeneite des composants materiels et des reseaux empruntes freine considerablement l'essor de l'Internet des objets. L'objectif de cette these est de proposer une solution effective et le cadre necessaire a la construction de telles applications. Apres avoir montre la pertinence des solutions choregraphiees et quantifie le gain acquis sur des structures de communication arborescentes, nous presenterons D-LITe, notre framework, qui apprehende chaque objet comme etant fournisseur de services. Grâce a son approche REST assurant l'interoperabilite dans l'assortiment des composants et reseaux de l'Internet des objets, le framework D-LITe, heberge par chaque objet (et adapte a ses contraintes), fournit un controle distant, aussi bien pour sa reprogrammation dynamique que les echanges avec ses partenaires. Nous poursuivrons en presentant SALT, le langage de programmation compris par D-LITe, base sur les transducteurs a etats fini. Outre son expressivite etendue aux particularites du domaine, SALT accorde un acces aux fonctionnalites de l'objet au travers d'une couche d'abstraction materielle. Enfin, profitant de la standardisation offerte par D-LITe pour la programmation de chaque composant en particulier, une solution de composition, BeC3, va offrir un moyen efficace pour construire une application complete par assemblage des comportement distribues, tout en respectant la coherence des interactions entre objets, par l'intermediaire d'une abstraction des echanges et de leur modelisation. Aussi sommes-nous, par la resolution des problematiques rencontrees a chacun des differents niveaux, capables de presenter une solution simple, coherente et fonctionnelle a meme de bâtir reellement et efficacement des applications robustes pour l'Internet des objets

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