Study of Connectivity Probability of Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication Systems

Considering the vehicular networks, multi-hop broadcasting is a frequently used method to deliver messages. Connectivity of wireless multi-hop networks is a critical measure for the planning, design, and evaluation of vehicular ad hoc networks. In an urban environment, vehicles can opportunistically exploit infrastructure through open Access Points (APs) and Road Side Units (RSUs) to efficiently communicate with other vehicles. Infrastructures (i.e., Base Stations (BSs), APs) are uniformly deployed along a road, while vehicles are distributed on the road randomly according to a Poisson distribution. For infrastructure-based vehicular networks, connectivity probability is the probability that an arbitrary vehicle access to the infrastructure. This paper proposes an analytical model to improve the connectivity probability of vehicle and infrastructure through multi-hop broadcasting in the infrastructure-based vehicular networks. We also consider the following factors: propagation distance, one hop transmission range, distribution of vehicles, vehicle density, average length of vehicles, and minimum safety distance between vehicles. The analytical model is validated by simulations.