Numerical study on thermal performance of cold plates with leaf type channels for lithium-ion batteries

Purpose The purpose of this study is to design a new type of cold plate to improve the thermal performance of liquid-cooled thermal management system of lithium-ion batteries. Design/methodology/approach A cold plate with leaf type channels is proposed to enhance the cooling performance. Effects of the leaf type channel parameters (i.e. channel angle 20°, 40°, 60°, 80°; coolant mass flow rate 0.25 × 10–3, 0.50 × 10–3, 0.75 × 10–3, 1.00 × 10–3, 1.25 × 10–3 kg·s−1; channel number 1, 3, 5, 7) on the performance are numerically investigated by using a 3D mathematical model. Findings Compared to the traditional I type channels, the leaf type channels have better cooling performance. It is found that the battery temperature variation and channel pressure drop are decreased with decreasing channel angle and increasing channel number. In addition, the cooling performance can be improved by increasing the coolant mass flow rate. Practical implications This study can provide guidance for the development of novel effective cold plates. Originality/value The design of cold plates with leaf type channels can be used in liquid-cooled thermal management system to reduce the battery temperature difference.