Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection.

[1]  F. Hollinger.  Hepatitis B virus infection and transfusion medicine: science and the occult , 2008, Transfusion.

[2]  G. Missale,et al.  The characteristics of the cell-mediated immune response identify different profiles of occult hepatitis B virus infection. , 2008, Gastroenterology.

[3]  S. Mondello,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus in liver tissue of individuals without hepatic disease. , 2008, Journal of hepatology.

[4]  S. Ray,et al.  Comprehensive genetic and epigenetic analysis of occult hepatitis B from liver tissue samples. , 2008, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[5]  D. Shouval.  What is the clinical significance of the high prevalence of occult hepatitis B in US liver transplant patients with chronic hepatitis C? , 2008, Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society.

[6]  A. Lok,et al.  Prevalence and significance of occult hepatitis B in a liver transplant population with chronic hepatitis C , 2008, Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society.

[7]  P. M. Mulrooney-Cousins,et al.  Persistent occult hepatitis B virus infection: experimental findings and clinical implications. , 2007, World journal of gastroenterology.

[8]  W. Gerlich,et al.  Deficiencies in the standardization and sensitivity of diagnostic tests for hepatitis B virus , 2007, Journal of viral hepatitis.

[9]  D. Shouval,et al.  Screening, prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis B reactivation in patients with haematological malignancies , 2007, British journal of haematology.

[10]  M. Levrero,et al.  Molecular and functional analysis of occult hepatitis B virus isolates from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma , 2007, Hepatology.

[11]  G. Raimondo,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection. , 2007, Journal of hepatology.

[12]  H. Ullum,et al.  HBsAg non‐reactive HBV infection in blood donors: Transmission and pathogenicity , 2007 .

[13]  R. Bruno,et al.  Prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B in immunocompromised patients. , 2007, Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver.

[14]  P. Holland,et al.  Hepatitis B virus blood screening: unfinished agendas , 2006, Vox sanguinis.

[15]  C. Trautwein,et al.  Report of the monothematic EASL conference on liver transplantation for viral hepatitis (Paris, France, January 12-14, 2006). , 2006, Journal of hepatology.

[16]  G. Fattovich,et al.  Southern Europe as an example of interaction between various environmental factors: a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence , 2006, Oncogene.

[17]  A. Zanetti,et al.  Changing patterns of hepatitis B infection in Italy and NAT testing for improving the safety of blood supply. , 2006, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[18]  W. Yeo,et al.  Diagnosis, prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation during anticancer therapy , 2006, Hepatology.

[19]  R. Bruno,et al.  Natural history of chronic hepatitis B in co-infected patients. , 2006, Journal of hepatology.

[20]  B. Weber.  Diagnostic impact of the genetic variability of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene , 2006, Journal of medical virology.

[21]  M. Buendia,et al.  HBV induced carcinogenesis. , 2005, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[22]  I. Chemin,et al.  Clinical impact of occult HBV infections. , 2005, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[23]  Chien-Jen Chen.  Time-dependent events in natural history of occult hepatitis B virus infection: the importance of population-based long-term follow-up study with repeated measurements. , 2005, Journal of hepatology.

[24]  F. Zoulim.  New insight on hepatitis B virus persistence from the study of intrahepatic viral cccDNA. , 2005, Journal of hepatology.

[25]  G. Raimondo,et al.  What is the clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection? , 2005, The Lancet.

[26]  Christian Bréchot,et al.  Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: old and new paradigms. , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[27]  B. Nayak,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic liver disease: full-length genome and analysis of mutant surface promoter. , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[28]  P. Scott,et al.  Central memory T cells mediate long-term immunity to Leishmania major in the absence of persistent parasites , 2004, Nature Medicine.

[29]  C. Gibbs,et al.  Persistence of cccDNA during the natural history of chronic hepatitis B and decline during adefovir dipivoxil therapy. , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[30]  J. Allain,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection: implications in transfusion , 2004, Vox sanguinis.

[31]  C. Tiribelli,et al.  Hepatitis B virus maintains its pro-oncogenic properties in the case of occult HBV infection. , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[32]  C. Coffin,et al.  Low doses of hepadnavirus induce infection of the lymphatic system that does not engage the liver. , 2004, Journal of virology.

[33]  J. Marrero,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Innocent bystander, cofactor, or culprit? , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[34]  L. Blendis,et al.  Occult HBV infection--both hidden and mysterious. , 2003, Gastroenterology.

[35]  S. Locarnini,et al.  Lamivudine resistant occult HBV: implications for public health? , 2003, Journal of hepatology.

[36]  C. Chu,et al.  Prognosis following spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B patients with or without concurrent infection. , 2002, Gastroenterology.

[37]  S. Muñoz,et al.  Use of hepatitis B core antibody–positive donors for liver transplantation , 2002, Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society.

[38]  M. Torbenson,et al.  Occult hepatitis B. , 2002, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[39]  K. Hu.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection and its clinical implications , 2002, Journal of viral hepatitis.

[40]  C. Bréchot,et al.  Persistent hepatitis B virus infection in subjects without hepatitis B surface antigen: Clinically significant or purely “occult”? , 2001, Hepatology.

[41]  H. Conjeevaram,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection: A hidden menace? , 2001, Hepatology.

[42]  G. Raimondo.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection and liver disease: fact or fiction? , 2001, Journal of hepatology.

[43]  Tomasz P. Michalak.  Occult persistence and lymphotropism of hepadnaviral infection: insights from the woodchuck viral hepatitis model , 2000, Immunological reviews.

[44]  K. Shimotohno,et al.  Latent hepatitis B virus infection in healthy individuals with antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen , 2000, Hepatology.

[45]  G. Raimondo,et al.  Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C liver disease. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[46]  B. McMahon.  Chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus who clear hepatitis B surface antigen: Are they really “off the hook”? , 1998, Hepatology.

[47]  F. Chang,et al.  Sero‐clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers does not necessarily imply a good prognosis , 1998, Hepatology.

[48]  A. Mason,et al.  Molecular basis for persistent hepatitis B virus infection in the liver after clearance of serum hepatitis B surface antigen , 1998, Hepatology.

[49]  K. Koike,et al.  Persistent viremia after recovery from self‐limited acute hepatitis B , 1998, Hepatology.

[50]  F. Chisari,et al.  The hepatitis B virus persists for decades after patients' recovery from acute viral hepatitis despite active maintenance of a cytotoxic T–lymphocyte response , 1996, Nature Medicine.

[51]  F. Chisari,et al.  Long-lasting memory T cell responses following self-limited acute hepatitis B. , 1996, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[52]  F. Chisari,et al.  Hepatitis B virus persistence after recovery from acute viral hepatitis. , 1994, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[53]  J. Wands,et al.  Naturally occurring missense mutation in the polymerase gene terminating hepatitis B virus replication , 1991, Journal of virology.