Professionalism of future medical professionals in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia

Professionalism with high moral character should be developed from the schooling time of the students. The objective of this study was to explore the professionalism of medical students.  It was a cross-sectional study conducted on 108 year-I and year-II medical students of session 2012-2013 selected conveniently at UniSZA, Malaysia. Data was collected using a mixed type of validated instrument and analyzed using SPSS. Year-I and year-II were 86% and 98% respectively. Only 27% respondents were male and 73% were female. Mean professionalism scores for year-I and year-II were 175.20 and 172.91, while for male and female were 172.31 and 174.58 respectively. No significant differences observed between gender (p=0.536) and study-year (p=0.484). However, 34% year-I and 19% year-II students defined professionalism diversely while 18% and 9% were un-responded. Professionalism is a braod-concept; a burning issue worldwide. Teachers should emphasis on core elements of professionalism which are unique for all professions.

[1]  Sowmya R. Rao,et al.  Survey shows that at least some physicians are not always open or honest with patients. , 2012, Health affairs.

[2]  T. Niyonsenga,et al.  Changes in students' moral development during medical school: a cohort study. , 2003, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[3]  D. Litzelman,et al.  The new formal competency-based curriculum and informal curriculum at Indiana University School of Medicine: overview and five-year analysis. , 2007, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[4]  R. Crawshaw,et al.  Evolution of form and circumstance in medical oaths. , 1996, The Western journal of medicine.

[5]  H. Macleod,et al.  Role Modeling in Physicians’ Professional Formation: Reconsidering an Essential but Untapped Educational Strategy , 2003, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[6]  Anders Baerheim,et al.  [Medical professionalism]. , 2007, Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke.

[7]  E. Gunel,et al.  Perceptions of professionalism vary most with educational rank and age. , 2006, Journal of dental education.

[8]  R. Gruen Medical professionalism project , 2003, The Medical journal of Australia.

[9]  Srijit Das,et al.  Bedside Teaching in Undergraduate Medical Education: Issues, Strategies, and New Models for Better Preparation of New Generation Doctors , 2011, Iranian journal of medical sciences.

[10]  K. Ludmerer Instilling professionalism in medical education. , 1999, JAMA.

[11]  R. Cruess,et al.  Teaching medicine as a profession in the service of healing , 1997, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[12]  D. Bhugra,et al.  Medical professionalism in psychiatry , 2010 .

[13]  Delese Wear,et al.  On White Coats and Professional Development: The Formal and the Hidden Curricula , 1998, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[14]  A. Jotkowitz,et al.  The physician charter on medical professionalism: a Jewish ethical perspective , 2005, Journal of Medical Ethics.

[15]  M. Ferrill,et al.  The taxonomy of professionalism: reframing the academic pursuit of professional development. , 2009, American journal of pharmaceutical education.

[16]  H. Swick Toward a Normative Definition of Medical Professionalism , 2000, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[17]  D. Chard,et al.  Medical professionalism: the trainees' views. , 2006, Clinical medicine.

[18]  B. Gandevia,et al.  DECLARATION OF HELSINKI. , 1964, The Medical journal of Australia.

[19]  E D Pellegrino,et al.  Use of the Hippocratic Oath: A Review of Twentieth Century Practice and a Content Analysis of Oaths Administered in Medical Schools in the U.S. and Canada in 1993 , 1997, The Journal of Clinical Ethics.

[20]  Michael Eraut,et al.  Concepts of competence , 1998 .

[21]  A. Yazigi,et al.  Clinical teachers as role models: perceptions of interns and residents in a Lebanese medical school , 2006, Medical education.

[22]  J. Goldie,et al.  Teaching professionalism in the early years of a medical curriculum: a qualitative study , 2007, Medical education.

[23]  Medical Professionalism Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians' charter , 2002, The Lancet.

[24]  J. Richmond,et al.  Medical professionalism in society. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[25]  P. Reynolds,et al.  Reaffirming Professionalism through the Education Community , 1994, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[26]  H. Slotnick,et al.  Proto‐professionalism: how professionalisation occurs across the continuum of medical education , 2005, Medical education.

[27]  A. Relman,et al.  Education to defend professional values in the new corporate age , 1998, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[28]  M. Whitcomb,et al.  Teaching professionalism in undergraduate medical education. , 1999, JAMA.

[29]  Abdus Salam,et al.  A Pilot Study on Professionalism of Future Medical Professionals in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Centre , 2012 .

[30]  R. Tallis Doctors in society: medical professionalism in a changing world. , 2006, Clinical medicine.

[31]  R. Cruess,et al.  Teaching professionalism: general principles , 2006, Medical teacher.

[32]  Margaret M Plack Medical professionalism: how can we encourage it in our students? , 2006 .

[33]  A. Jotkowitz,et al.  A physician charter on medical professionalism: a challenge for medical education. , 2004, European journal of internal medicine.

[34]  D. Sakai,et al.  Professionalism in medical education. , 1999, Hawaii medical journal.

[35]  L. Barozzi,et al.  Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physician Charter , 2002, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[36]  ABIM基金,ACP—ASIM基金和欧洲内科医学联盟 Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians' charter. , 2006, Radiology.

[37]  F. Hafferty Viewpoint: the elephant in medical professionalism's kitchen. , 2006, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[38]  W. K. Kennedy,et al.  Student Attitudes, Values, and Beliefs Regarding Professionalism , 2005 .

[39]  Stephen Brookfield,et al.  Self-Directed Learning, Political Clarity, and the Critical Practice of Adult Education , 1993 .

[40]  P. Candy,et al.  Self-Direction for Lifelong Learning , 1993 .

[41]  Jordan J. Cohen Professionalism in medical education, an American perspective: from evidence to accountability , 2006, Medical education.

[42]  R. Anderson,et al.  Common issues in medical professionalism: room to grow. , 2000, The American journal of medicine.

[43]  R. Cruess,et al.  Teaching Medical Professionalism: The Cognitive Base of Professionalism , 2008 .

[44]  M. Wynia,et al.  Medical professionalism in society. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[45]  L. Côté,et al.  How Clinical Teachers Perceive the Doctor—Patient Relationship and Themselves as Role Models , 2000, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[46]  S. Carmichael,et al.  Assessing professionalism in early medical education: experience with peer evaluation and self-evaluation in the gross anatomy course. , 2005, Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore.

[47]  A. Salam,et al.  Audit Upon Graduation: UKM House Officers’ Competencies , 2011 .

[48]  I. Soelaiman,et al.  UKM Medical Graduates' Perception of their Communication Skills during Housemanship , 2008 .

[49]  Robert Bor,et al.  Communication skills for medicine , 1996 .

[50]  Alberto Malliani,et al.  Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter. , 2002, Annals of internal medicine.

[51]  M. Al-Eraky,et al.  PROFESSIONALISM IN MEDICAL EDUCATION: A REVIEW ARTICLE , 2015 .

[52]  H. Sox The ethical foundations of professionalism: a sociologic history. , 2007, Chest.

[53]  Kelly A Fryer-Edwards,et al.  Professionalism in medical education: an institutional challenge. , 2006, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[54]  H. Swick Academic medicine must deal with the clash of business and professional values , 1998, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[55]  David E. Kern,et al.  Attributes of Excellent Attending-Physician Role Models , 1998 .

[56]  K. Schaffner,et al.  Evolution of clinical ethics teaching at the University of Pittsburgh , 1989, Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

[57]  E. Paice,et al.  How important are role models in making good doctors? , 2002, BMJ : British Medical Journal.