Natural propagation of freshwater mussels (Lamellidens marginalis) using vegetation in captive environment

Natural breeding of freshwater mussel, Lamellidens marginalis in captive environment had been studied to ensure the availability of juvenile mussel. A method of reproductive influence of farm animal to suit management called controlled breeding. It is aimed at enhances the production number, survival rate as well as optimization of reproductive performance in intensive system. Brood Mussels was stocked at the rate of 80/decimal in three different captive conditions viz Treatment 1; High aquatic vegetation without any disturbance, Treatment-2; Light aquatic vegetation with disturbance and Treatment-3; No aquatic vegetation with disturbance for breeding. As the freshwater mussel needs host fish to fulfill its life cycle, different fish species were stocked at the rate of 150/decimal. Microscopic observation indicated the occurrence of higher glochidia in the gills and fin of Oreochromis niloticus , Puntius sarana and Heteropneustes fossilis during breeding season. After nine month of brood mussel culture juvenile mussels were harvested from the ponds. A total of 2425±122.01 juvenile mussels per decimal were collected from the treatment 1 followed by 750±55.97 and 370±46.70 juvenile mussels from treatment 2 and treatment 3 respectively. During the research period, all activities' water quality parameters were favorable. The study revealed that ponds with high aquatic vegetation provides suitable environment during the breeding season for the breeding of freshwater mussels and high number of juveniles was produced in captive area.

[1]  M. Clavero,et al.  Fish and mussels: Importance of fish for freshwater mussel conservation , 2018 .

[2]  M. Seddon,et al.  Conservation of freshwater bivalves at the global scale: diversity, threats and research needs , 2018, Hydrobiologia.

[3]  M. Reichard,et al.  Invasive Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana threatens native mussel reproduction by inducing cross-resistance of host fish , 2017 .

[4]  W. C. Curtis,et al.  Experiments in the Artificial Propagation of Fresh-water Mussels , 2015 .

[5]  J. Geist,et al.  Trophic relationships between the larvae of two freshwater mussels and their fish hosts , 2015 .

[6]  W. Haag.  The role of fecundity and reproductive effort in defining life‐history strategies of North American freshwater mussels , 2013, Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

[7]  W. Haag.  North American Freshwater Mussels: Natural History, Ecology, and Conservation , 2012 .

[8]  B. Kuhajda,et al.  Guidelines for Propagation and Translocation for Freshwater Fish Conservation , 2009 .

[9]  James A. Stoeckel,et al.  A conceptual model linking demography and population genetics of freshwater mussels , 2008, Journal of the North American Benthological Society.

[10]  Wendell R. Haag,et al.  Adaptations to host infection and larval parasitism in Unionoida , 2008, Journal of the North American Benthological Society.

[11]  S. Preston,et al.  Culturing freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera: a breakthrough in the conservation of an endangered species. , 2007 .

[12]  M. Barnhart.  Buckets of muckets: A compact system for rearing juvenile freshwater mussels , 2006 .

[13]  DAVID L. STRAYER,et al.  Changing Perspectives on Pearly Mussels, North America's Most Imperiled Animals , 2004 .

[14]  D. Roberts,et al.  Towards a strategy for the conservation of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in County Donegal, Ireland , 1999 .

[15]  W. Haag,et al.  Mantle displays of freshwater mussels elicit attacks from fish , 1999 .

[16]  G. Bauer.  The adaptive value of offspring size among freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionoidea) , 1994 .

[17]  A. Bogan,et al.  Freshwater Bivalve Extinctions (Mollusca: Unionoida): A Search for Causes , 1993 .

[18]  Kevin S. Cummings,et al.  Conservation Status of Freshwater Mussels of the United States and Canada , 1993 .

[19]  R. Parker,et al.  Ecology and Reproductive Strategy of a South Louisiana Freshwater Mussel, Glebula rotundata (Lamarck) (Unionidae:Lampsilini) , 1984, Freshwater Invertebrate Biology.

[20]  W. Hoeh,et al.  Eurytopic Host Use by Two Congeneric Species of Freshwater Mussel (Pelecypoda: Unionidae: Anodonta) , 1982 .

[21]  X. Pao.  Culture of Glochidia of Hyriopsis cumingii in Artificial Media and Morphological Variation of Transformed Juvenile , 2011 .

[22]  Mazid,et al.  Selection of freshwater pearl mussel species for mantletransplantation in Bangladesh , 2004 .

[23]  G. Bauer,et al.  Glochidial Mortality in Freshwater Mussels , 2001 .

[24]  Islam,et al.  Culture of pearl in freshwater mussels (Lamellidens marginalis Lamarck) , 2000 .

[25]  V. Buddensiek.  The culture of juvenile freshwater pearl mussels Margaritifera margaritifera L. in cages: A contribution to conservation programmes and the knowledge of habitat requirements , 1995 .

[26]  R. Lacy.  Clarification of genetic terms and their use in the management of captive populations , 1995 .

[27]  R. Cunjak,et al.  Glochidium morphology of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) and glochidiosis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) : a study by scanning electron microscopy , 1994 .

[28]  A. Tompa.  LIFE-CYCLE COMPLETION OF THE FRESHWATER CLAM LASMIGONA-COMPRESSA (BIVALVIA, UNIONIDAE) IN AN EXPERIMENTAL HOST, LEBISTES-RETICULATUS , 1979 .

[29]  K. Ghose,et al.  REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND GONADAL ACTIVITIES IN LAMELLIDENS-MARGINALIS , 1972 .