An in vitro comparison of quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital and spectrophotometer on monitoring artificial white spot lesions.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital (QLF-D) compared to a spectrophotometer in monitoring progression of enamel lesions. METHODS To generate artificial caries with various severities of lesion depths, twenty bovine specimens were immersed in demineralizing solution for 40 days. During the production of the lesions, repeat measurements of fluorescence loss (ΔF) and color change (ΔE) were performed in six distinct stages after the demineralization of the specimens: after 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 days of exposure to the demineralizing solution. Changes in the ΔF values in the lesions were analyzed using the QLF-D, and changes in the ΔE values in lesions were analyzed using a spectrophotometer. The repeated measures ANOVA of ΔF and ΔE values were used to determine whether there are significant differences at different exposure times in the demineralizing solution. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was analyzed between ΔF and ΔE. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The ΔF values significantly decreased based on the demineralizing period (p<0.001). Relatively large changes in ΔF values were observed during the first 10 days. There were significant changes in L(*), a(*), b(*), and ΔE values in lesions with increasing demineralizing duration (p<0.001). A strong correlation was observed between ΔF and ΔE with p=-0.853 (p<0.001). The results support the efficacy of QLF-D in monitoring color changes. Our findings demonstrate that QLF-D are a more efficient and stable tool for early caries detection.

[1]  J. Christoffersen,et al.  Invited Review Article , 1986, Journal of dental research.

[2]  M. H. Veen,et al.  In vitro quantitative light-induced fluorescence to measure changes in enamel mineralization , 2006, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[3]  G. Eckert,et al.  Use of ICDAS Combined with Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence as a Caries Detection Method , 2010, Caries Research.

[4]  A. Rao,et al.  The role of remineralizing agents in dentistry: a review. , 2011, Compendium of continuing education in dentistry.

[5]  H. Stenlund,et al.  Caries incidence and lesion progression from adolescence to young adulthood: a prospective 15-year cohort study in Sweden , 2004, Caries Research.

[6]  W. Siqueira,et al.  Performance of DIAGNOdent for detection and quantification of smooth-surface caries in primary teeth. , 2005, Journal of dentistry.

[7]  W M Johnston,et al.  Performance Assessment of Colorimetric Devices on Dental Porcelains , 1989, Journal of dental research.

[8]  J. Arends,et al.  Lesion formation and lesion remineralization in enamel under constant composition conditions. A new technique with applications. , 1985, Caries research.

[9]  Elbert de Josselin de Jong,et al.  Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF)--a potential method for the dental practitioner. , 2003, Quintessence international.

[10]  Y. Iijima.  Early detection of white spot lesions with digital camera and remineralization therapy. , 2008, Australian dental journal.

[11]  A. Ismail.  Diagnostic Levels in Dental Public Health Planning , 2004, Caries Research.

[12]  I. Krejci,et al.  In vitro colorimetric evaluation of the efficacy of home bleaching and over-the-counter bleaching products. , 2010, Quintessence international.

[13]  E. de Josselin de Jong,et al.  The evaluation of a novel method comparing quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) with spectrophotometry to assess staining and bleaching of teeth , 2010, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[14]  I. E. Ruyter,et al.  Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers. , 1987, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[15]  I A Pretty,et al.  The use of fluorescein-enhanced quantitative light-induced fluorescence to monitor de- and re-mineralization of in vitro root caries. , 2003, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[16]  I A Pretty,et al.  The intra- and inter-examiner reliability of quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) analyses , 2002, British Dental Journal.

[17]  I. Krejci,et al.  In vitro colorimetric evaluation of the efficacy of various bleaching methods and products. , 2006, Quintessence international.

[18]  A. Joiner.  The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. , 2006, Journal of dentistry.

[19]  B Angmar-Månsson,et al.  Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF): a method for assessment of incipient caries lesions. , 2001, Dento maxillo facial radiology.

[20]  B. J. Murphy,et al.  Development of carious-like lesions in partially saturated lactate buffers. , 1985, Caries research.

[21]  W M Johnston,et al.  Assessment of Appearance Match by Visual Observation and Clinical Colorimetry , 1989, Journal of dental research.

[22]  D. Watts,et al.  Colour-stability and gloss-retention of silorane and dimethacrylate composites with accelerated aging. , 2008, Journal of dentistry.

[23]  H. Kwon,et al.  Recovery percentage of remineralization according to severity of early caries. , 2013, American journal of dentistry.

[24]  I. Pretty,et al.  Caries Clinical Trial Methods for the Assessment of Oral Care Products in the 21st Century , 2012, Advances in dental research.

[25]  S. Pauwels.  de Josselin de Jong , 1991 .

[26]  F. Driessens,et al.  Effect of the pH of buffer solutions on artificial carious lesion formation in human tooth enamel. , 1984, Caries research.

[27]  Iain A Pretty,et al.  Caries detection and diagnosis: novel technologies. , 2006, Journal of dentistry.

[28]  N B Pitts,et al.  The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries. , 2007, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[29]  T. Marthaler,et al.  Changes in Dental Caries 1953–2003 , 2004, Caries Research.

[30]  D. Zero,et al.  Diagnostic tools for early caries detection. , 2006, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[31]  J. Arends,et al.  The nature of early caries lesions in enamel. , 1986, Journal of dental research.

[32]  Xie-Qi Shi,et al.  Caries risk assessment: methods available to clinicians for caries detection. , 2005, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[33]  G. Stookey,et al.  Quantitative light fluorescence: a technology for early monitoring of the caries process. , 2005, Dental clinics of North America.

[34]  P. Marsh,et al.  Analysis of pH–Driven Disruption of Oral Microbial Communities in vitro , 1998, Caries Research.

[35]  N. Pitts,et al.  Are We Ready to Move from Operative to Non-Operative/Preventive Treatment of Dental Caries in Clinical Practice? , 2004, Caries Research.

[36]  A. Borges,et al.  Effect of caries infiltration technique and fluoride therapy on the colour masking of white spot lesions. , 2011, Journal of dentistry.

[37]  L. Bjørndal,et al.  Relationship between external and histologic features of progressive stages of caries in the occlusal fossa. , 1995, Caries research.