Analysis of failure of a bridge foundation under rock impact

A bridge pier supported on two drilled shafts collapsed due to the impact by a 130-ton rock in a landslide event. A series of static and dynamic numerical simulations is conducted using a nonlinear finite element analysis program to investigate the bearing behavior and responses of the bridge foundation under rock impact. The rock impact load is evaluated according to the site conditions. The deflection histories at the striking point and the internal forces in the drilled shafts during rock impacts in different directions are analyzed. The bridge pier exhibits significant system effects: the failure of the bridge pier is initiated by the failure of one pier column or one drilled shaft first, followed by the failure of the entire pier. The effects of impact loading direction, striking location, and characteristics of impact load on the behavior of the bridge pier are examined through a parametric study. The capacities of the pier along different loading directions are different due to differences in the group effects of the drilled shafts. The bridge pier is strongest when the impact load is along the 45° direction with respect to the shaft row, and weakest when the impact load is perpendicular to the shaft row.

[1]  Atsushi Yashima,et al.  Estimating the impact force generated by granular flow on a rigid obstruction , 2009 .

[2]  Ronald A. Cook,et al.  Barge Impact Testing of the St. George Island Causeway Bridge, Phase III: Physical Testing and Data Interpretation , 2006 .

[3]  Li Min Zhang,et al.  Centrifuge Modeling of Torsionally Loaded Pile Groups , 2007 .

[4]  Stefan Hurlebaus,et al.  A probabilistic model for the estimation of shear capacity of bridge piers subjected to dynamic loading , 2009 .

[5]  Bogdan O. Kuzmanovic,et al.  Design of Bridge Pier Pile Foundations for Ship Impact , 1992 .

[6]  Gary R. Consolazio,et al.  Dynamic Soil–Structure Interaction of Bridge Substructure Subject to Vessel Impact , 2009 .

[7]  Sherif El-Tawil,et al.  Vehicle Collision with Bridge Piers , 2005 .

[8]  Michael McVay,et al.  Centrifuge Testing of Large Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Sands , 1998 .

[9]  Gary R. Consolazio,et al.  Numerically Efficient Dynamic Analysis of Barge Collisions with Bridge Piers , 2005 .

[10]  Bryan E. Little,et al.  American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Highway Drainage Guidelines American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. LRFD Bridge Design Specifications , 2000 .

[11]  Ronald A. Cook,et al.  Barge Impact Testing of the St. , 2002 .

[12]  Michael McVay,et al.  Numerical Analysis of Laterally Loaded 3 × 3 to 7 × 3 Pile Groups in Sands , 1999 .

[13]  Axel Volkwein,et al.  Protection from Landslides and High Speed Rockfall Events - Reconstruction of Chapman's Peak Drive , 2005 .

[14]  Issam E. Harik,et al.  United States Bridge Failures, 1951–1988 , 1990 .

[15]  Y. M. Chen,et al.  Analytical p-version finite elements and application in analyses of structural collision protection , 2006 .

[16]  Werner Gerber Guideline for the approval of rockfall protection kits , 2001 .

[17]  Li Min Zhang,et al.  Centrifuge Modeling of Ship Impact Loads on Bridge Pile Foundations , 2011 .

[18]  Fred H. Kulhawy,et al.  Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design , 1990 .

[19]  Issam E. Harik,et al.  BRIDGE FAILURES, 1951-1988 , 1990 .

[20]  Li Min Zhang,et al.  Experimental study of interaction and coupling effects in pile groups subjected to torsion , 2008 .

[21]  Jessica Laine Hendrix DYNAMIC ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES FOR QUANTIFYING BRIDGE PIER RESPONSE TO BARGE IMPACT LOADS , 2003 .

[22]  L. Reese,et al.  Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles in Sand , 1974 .

[23]  Issam E. Harik,et al.  Equivalent Barge and Flotilla Impact Forces on Bridge Piers , 2010 .

[24]  L C Reese,et al.  DRILLED SHAFTS: CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES AND DESIGN METHODS , 1999 .